Place Names of South Australia - N

Norwood

Norwood Area

Nomenclature

A history of the town and district is in the Register, on 22 July 1911, page 8a which says, inter alia:

Nomenclature of South Australia

Further, the Register of 15 May 1919 at page 4f says, inter alia:

In 1848 it was declared that:

Research at the General Registry Office reveals that Section 260 of Survey B, on which the first subdivision of was made, was granted to Charles Cortis on 7 March 1839 and remained in his possession until 27 November 1847 when he entered into an "agreement to sell" to Samuel Reeves for £1,000. A conveyance dated 23 June 1848 recites that "Reeves immediately after agreement entered into possession of the said land and laid it out into allotments called the Village of Norwood" and pursuant to an indenture dated 20 December 1847 made between Reeves, Frederick Bayne and Patrick James Tod agreed for Tod to be conveyed the land upon trust, to sell and dispose of the said laid out as the village of Norwood upon payment of БТ1,000 to Cortis. An indenture dated 5 December 1848 released the title and interest in Section 260 to Patrick James Tod. The first conveyancing document is dated 28 August 1848 when Lot 5 was sold to Frederick Hobbs.

Sections 261 and 276 were granted to John Wright, a Colonisation Commissioner (See Bowden) on 7 March 1839 and Section 277 on 1 April 1839. By the assignees of John Wright, a bankrupt pursuant to a fiat in bankruptcy dated 17 December 1840, on 12 March 1848 the three sections came into possession of Robert Miller, William Anderson Bryden, William Paxton and Henry Collier who subdivided them into allotments and "named the Village of Norwood." The first conveyancing document is dated 19 June 1849 when Lots 12 and 13 on section 276 were sold to Charles N. Sedgwick.

Born in Playden, Essex, England, Reeves arrived in the Lady Emma in 1839 and died in 1881, aged ninety-one. The subdivision was named after a suburb of London, England which in 1294 was written as northwode - 'north wood' . The Register of 16 November 1910 says:

Norwood takes its name from the woods formerly extending... between Croydon and London and named Northwood, from its position in respect of the latter. This wood was the haunt of gypsies, who found it a convenient centre from which to drive their business of basket-making, cattle-stealing and fortune-telling with London...

General Notes

Nathaniel Hailes describes the infant village in the Register,
9 July 1857 - it is reprinted in the
Observer,
20 July 1907, page 44c.

"The Eastern Suburbs - Past and Present" is in the Register,
28 September 1882, page 6a.

The Register of 16 November 1910, page 6f says that following the presentation of a flag to the Norwood school in England by the local State school a letter from England said, inter alia:

"The Two Norwoods" is in the Register,
24 April 1912, page 6h.

"Early Norwood" is in the Register,
5 February 1920, page 4g,
29 April 1920, page 5d,
"Norwood - Then and Now" on
14 and 19 May 1923, pages 10-11 and 3c.

Introduction to Kensington and Norwood

(Taken from Geoffrey H. Manning's A Colonial Experience)

South Australian Record

viz

Of the three villages indicated Kensington is the oldest and was created by Charles Catchlove, who held the grant of the land selected by Anthony Jackson of London. The present site of Norwood was, at that time, a tract of land densely timbered with eucalypts, and in the spring fragrant with the golden wattle, gay with wild flowers and harmonious with the song of native birds - it was not until 1847 that any great part of the forest was marked out with white pegs to create the village of Norwood, which portended the doom of natural beauty and its displacement by the artificial creation of the architect and builder.

The foundation of the corporate town of Kensington and Norwood was the brain-child of Joseph Edmunds, for it was he who suggested that the sections, now forming the town, be excluded from the East Torrens District Council. In 1890, Mr J. Eldin Moulden told me that a few meetings were held at Mr Edmunds' home, where a draft proclamation of incorporation was drafted and submitted to the government.

Mr Edmunds came out to South Australia in the Surrey in 1838 as a tenant of the South Australian Company and was one of the first purchasers of land at Norwood, when it was a dense scrub, and it was not uncommon for his wife to light a bush fire to guide him to his abode, near the Vintage Shades Hotel, which was built by him.

He was the first to drive a team of six bullocks over the hills from Adelaide to the Murray and always took an interest in local affairs, was connected actively with the first Mechanics' Institute in Adelaide and held a directorship of the old Kensington Building Society.

From the earliest times the district has been residential rather than manufacturing. Two brick makers, two candle and soap works, one ginger beer factory, two brewers, two wine presses and a distillery and malting house comprised all the manufactories in the 1860s and the number is little greater now.

Messrs Joseph Edmunds, Joseph Gillard, G. Birrell and W. Clarke were the main vignerons. Mr Clarke's property has gradually been built upon, but the greater portion of it was absorbed by the Norwood Oval; Mr Birrells' vineyard is now lost in Birrell Street, while houses cover the site of Mr Edmund's property. Mr Gillard's, however, is still as flourishing as it was over 25 years ago.

The progress of the district has been regular and steady, rather than spasmodic, and the land boom that brought financial ruin to so many in the 1890s affected it but slightly.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Photographs

A photograph of members of Royal Oak Lodge, UAOD, and information on it, is in the Chronicle,
7 February 1903, page 42.

Photographs of a "building fatality" are in the Chronicle,
6 February 1909, page 31,
of a tree landmark in William Street in the Observer,
19 April 1913, page 30,
of a Virgo family reunion on
20 January 1917, page 25,
of a patriotic carnival on
7 September 1918, page 26.

Information on the Domestic Helpers' Home is in the Express,
4 November 1912, page 3h;
a photograph is in the Chronicle,
28 June 1913, page 31.
Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Domestic Servants.

Photographs of the district are in The Critic,
24 February 1909, page 13.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Salvation Army

Also see Religion - Salvation Army.

Problems in connection with the activities of the Salvation Army are aired in the Observer,
14 April 1883, page 37e,
Register,
10, 11, 13 and 16 April 1883, pages 4g, 6g, 6f and 5c-6f:

while another complainant airs his views on 21 June 1883, page 6e:

Register

The Army's alleged outrages even interfered with a citizens' picnic held in the Torrens Gorge - see Register,
31 December 1883, page 7f.

The proposed foundation of a "Rescued Sisters' Home" by the Salvation Army is reported in the Register,
5 September 1885, pages 4g-6f.

"A New Citadel" for the Salvation Army is reported upon in the Chronicle,
21 August 1897, page 20c.

"Harmony Restored" is in the Register,
4 July 1911, page 6e.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Schools

Norwood - Ashton's School of Art

Also see South Australia - Entertainment and the Arts - Art.

Information on James Ashton's School of Art is in the Express,
14 January 1886, page 3d,
27 September 1887, page 2f,
31 January 1889, page 3f,
30 January 1890, page 4a,
30 September 1890, page 3f,
26 February 1892, page 2c,
24 and 26 September 1892, pages 6h and 3h,
29 September 1893, page 2h,
28 September 1894, page 3e,
3 October 1894, page 3e,
Observer,
8 November 1890, page 42a,
Register,
26 February 1892, page 6e,
28 September 1894, page 7d,
3 October 1894, page 6d.

"Farewell to James Ashton" is in the Register,
25 March 1895, page 6d; also see
17 September 1895, page 7b,
18 June 1897, page 6e, "Ashton's Academy of Arts" is in the Register,
6 August 1904, page 4a.

"Mr J. Ashton's Student Exhibition" is in the Register,
27 July 1907, page 10c.
"Return of Mr W. Ashton" is in the Express,
2 February 1914, page 1h.

"Farewell to James Ashton" is in the Register,
25 March 1895, page 6d; also see
17 September 1895, page 7b,
18 June 1897, page 6e
"Ashton's Academy of Arts" is in the Register,
6 August 1904, page 4a.

A sketch and photograph of James Ashton are in The Critic,
23 May 1906, page 5,
7 November 1906, page 12.
The unveiling of a portrait of James Ashton, artist, in the council chamber, is reported in the Register,
19 March 1907, page 4c.

"Mr J. Ashton's Student Exhibition" is in the Register,
27 July 1907, page 10c.
"Return of Mr W. Ashton" is in the Express,
2 February 1914, page 1h.

"Progress in Art - Interview With Mr James Ashton" is in the Register,
5 July 1909, page 3f.

Norwood - Schools

Also see South Australia - Education.

Examinations at the Norwood Grammar School are reported in the Register,
24 December 1868, page 3f,
Express,
20 December 1871, page 3b,
Chronicle,
28 December 1872, page 6d,
Farmers Weekly Messenger,
25 December 1874, page 12a and
a sports day in the Observer,
18 November 1876, page 6g.

Information on local schools is in the Observer, 19 May 1923, page 43a.

A report on school examinations at the Harbourne Villa Seminary is in the Register, 6 January 1869, page 2f.

Examinations at Miss Bennett's school are reported in the Express,
23 December 1867, page 2d,
Observer,
1 October 1870, page 7g.

The foundation stone of the Public School was duly laid in 1870 and reported upon in the Register,18 November, page 3e.

The inauguration of the school "for the unsectarian education of the children of the poor" is reported on
4 February 1871, page 6a:

Many of the churches... have large and commodious rooms lying virtually unoccupied during week days... How many churches will undertake the slight expense of a cheap, yet good, day school?... Judging from financial reports many churches could easily do this...

We should not exclude the Bible from the school...We shall never consent to a scheme from Government of denominational religious education. We are not prepared to hand over our children to Papal, or Anglican, or any other priests receiving State aid, to be inoculated with their particular prejudices. As a colony we have wiped our hands clean of that nineteenth century monstrosity, a State church...

Many of the children are being altogether neglected, or are being snatched up by designing priests and sisterhoods, to be specially prejudiced and warped into favouring particular churches. We have no doubt that many will call this the Baptist School... we can only say [this is not] our intention.

On the evening of 3 February 1871 a public meeting was held 'to inaugurate the Norwood public school for the unsectarian education of the children of the poor in the newly-erected building on The Parade.' The new building was in the Italian style but was left unfinished until funds were more plentiful and when completed it was intended to correspond to some extent with the style of the adjoining church.

The hall measured 48 by 32 feet and was 19 feet high. The wall were fitted with desks on three sides and the seats were removable so that it could be used either for classes, lectures, etc.

It opened on 13 February 1871 on which date the names of 85 children were enrolled and by June of that year the number had increased to 219, comprising 88 girls and 131 boys. It was conducted under the Irish National system and divided into three classes, each class being divided into two divisions, which were under the charge of monitors or pupil teachers, who were responsible for the maintenance of discipline in their respective divisions; the whole being under the direct supervision of the master, who arranged his time in such a manner as enabled him to give each division its proper share of his personal attention.

The branches of education taught in the school were reading, writing and arithmetic, in addition to which the girls were instructed in needlework, under the superintendence of the junior female teacher, Miss Ray, whose attention to that important part of her duty was evidenced by an exhibition of a number of well made articles of clothing, the work of classes under her charge.

The senior female teacher, Miss Wilson, instructed the second and third classes of girls in the before mentioned subjects, needlework excepted. Singing was also practised, Curwen's Songs for Education being used for the purpose and the introduction of a harmonium, kindly placed in the schoolroom by Mr J.A. Holden, did much to enhance the interest taken by the children in that branch of education.
(Taken from Geoffrey H Manning's A Colonial Experience, Chapter 24)

Also see
7, 9, 14 and 15 February 1871, pages 6e, 6e, 7a and 5f,
3 March 1871, page 3f,
24 June 1871, page 6a.
Observer,
23 December 1871,
Express,
21 February 1876, page 3f, page 5g,
Register,
19 February 1876, pages 6f-2g (supp.),
4 September 1877, page 3f,
Chronicle,
11 August 1877, page 9a,
Observer,
25 August 1877, page 20b,
22 September 1877, page 20g,
Express,
17 December 1887, page 4b,
8 March 1892, page 3g,
28 June 1907, page 1f.
Register,
2 July 1904, pages 5c-6f-7b.

A concert at the school is reported in the Express,
16 December 1901, page 4b.
A sketch is in the Pictorial Australian in
January 1878,
Frearson's Weekly,
1 November 1879, page 307 and
photographs of students are in the Observer,
14 April 1906, page 29,
Chronicle,
15 June 1933, page 37,
of cooking lessons on
3 August 1933, page 32.

Biographical details of the first headmaster, J.T. Smyth, are in the Register,
15 August 1877, page 5a,
Observer, 27 November 1897, page 16d,
Observer, 19 June 1920, page 19c and
an obituary on 28 July 1928, page 54a,
Register, 23 and 25 July 1928, pages 11d and 12h.

A farewell to a headmaster, I.A. Plummer, is reported in the Register,
7 July 1891, page 5b.
An obituary of Mrs F.W. Gee is in the Register,
21 July 1891, page 5c. Information on schools in the immediate district is in the Observer,
26 February 1876, page 11d.
A council visit to schools is reported in the Express,
16 October 1886, page 4b.

Statistical information on the public school is in the Register,
4 September 1877, page 4c.

Information on the Norwood Grammar School Athletic Club is in the Observer,
18 November 1876, page 6g.

A school picnic is reported in the Observer,
19 April 1879, page 14c.

Information on the Model School is in the Register,
17 November 1883, page 6d.

Information on Miss Schroder's Ladies' School is in the Register,
20 December 1884, page 5f.

"Educational Establishments" is in the Register,
16 October 1886, page 6e.

A proposed Protestant Day School is discussed in the Register,
22 April 1889, page 5a.

Information on an Art School is in the Register,
1 October 1889, page 7h.

Biographical details of Alfred Williams, headmaster of the state school, are in the Register,
7 July 1902, page 4g,
Observer, 2 August 1902, page 26c,
4 July 1903, page 23e,
of Mrs C.A. Francis, headmistress, in the Register,
2 December 1902, page 5b.

Examinations at the Norwood High School are reported in the Observer,
30 December 1899, page 43d; also see
Register,
9 February 1910, page 6f.

A prizegiving at Osmond House School is reported in the Observer,
29 December 1900, page 4b.

"Our Best and Largest Public School" is in the Register,
22 December 1900, page 6i.

"The Marist Brothers at Norwood" is in the Register,
4 November 1901, page 6a,
Observer,
9 November 1901, page 44e.
The laying of the foundation stone of St Ignatius Boys' School is reported in the Register,
28 August 1902, page 7d,
7 September 1902, page 8a; also see
20 April 1903, page 3g,
24 June 1907, page 3f.

A photograph of a children's gala on the Norwood Oval is in The Critic,
5 July 1902.

An Arbor Day is reported upon in the Express,
18 August 1905, page 1f;
photographs are in the Observer,
26 August 1905, page 30,Also see South Australia - Education - Arbor Days
of the school on Empire Day in the Chronicle,
29 May 1909, page 30,
The celebration of Empire Day at the public school is reported upon in the Register,
25 May 1909, page 7a-c,
Register,
24 May 1913, page 18e.
Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Empire Day
A prize-winning story by R.B. Young, a public school student, is in the Register,
29 September 1906, page 8g.

"Scarlet Fever and School Children" is in the Register,
3 November 1906, page 6g.

A visiting day at the state school is reported upon in the Register,
29 June 1907, page 4g.

Comments on "Attendance at School" by the headmaster are in the Observer,
26 June 1909, page 43b.

"Misses Derrington Schools" is in the Register,
21 December 1909, page 7e.

The opening of the infant school by the governor is reported in the Express,
1 December 1910, page 4c.

A photograph of the first domestic economy class is in the Observer,
3 June 1911, page 31, ralia
of a vice-regal visit on
1 July 1911, page 30,
of a student's cricket team on
19 December 1925, page 31,
of a pet show on
17 April 1930, page 33.

"The Children's Day - Governor at Norwood" is in the Register,
22 June 1911, page 11e.

"Norwood School Needs" is in the Register,
20 June 1917, page 3d.

The 50th anniversary of the public school is discussed in the Register,
22 June 1927, page 10c,
30 August 1927, page 8g,
3 September 1927, page 10a; also see
The News,
10 August 1927, page 14e;
photographs are in the Observer,
10 September 1927, page 31.
7 April 1928, page 19.
Information on the school's Mothers' Club is in The News,
1 November 1928, page 11e.

Information on and photographs of high school sports are in the Register,
29 July 1926, page 11e,
Observer,
25 May 1929, page 32,
18 September 1930, page 31.

Examinations of the Norwood Grammar School are reported in the Register,
20 December 1871, page 6d,
Observer,
26 December 1874, page 14e;
its athletics meeting is reported in the Register,
13 November 1876, page 7a,
the Model School is discussed on
25 July 1883, page 7b and
the opening of an infants' school in the Advertiser,
2 December 1910, page 12a.

Information on the Free School is in the Express,
15 February 1871, page 2e;
on Mr Caterer's school in the Express,
2 December 1876, page 2d,
Observer,
3 March 1923, page 39d.
"Caterer's Old Boys" is in the Register,
24 December 1912, page 6h; also see
Advertiser,
1 February 1937, page 17b.

Information on Downshire House School is in the Express,
19 December 1877, page 3d,
19 December 1887, page 2f,
Chronicle,
26 December 1885, page 8c,
28 December 1889, page 7e.

Examinations at Miss Schroder's Ladies' School are reported in the Chronicle,
22 December 1883, page 9f,
27 December 1890, page 6b; also see
Express,
22 December 1884, page 3c,
20 December 1887, page 2g,
23 December 1891, page 6e,
27 December 1892, page 4a,
26 December 1893, page 3d.

A speech day at Miss Schroder's school is reported in the Register,
26 December 1895, page 7c and
at Miss Derrington's in the Chronicle,
2 January 1897, page 22b.

The opening of a Church of England School is reported in the Express,
19 June 1889, page 6f.

The opening of an infant school is reported in the Register,
2 December 1910, page 5c.

Information on Miss Adamson's school is in the Observer,
28 December 1889, page 7e,
3 January 1891, page 39c.

Examinations at the Collegiate School for Girls are reported in the Observer,
24 December 1892, page 22d.

The laying of the foundation stone of the St Ignatius's Boys' School is reported in the Register, 1 September 1902, page 8a;
the dedication service is reported in the Register,
20 April 1903, page 6g.

The state school is described in the Register,
28 August 1909, page 5a,
4 September 1909, page 5c.

The reminiscences of Thomas Rhodes, a member of the Norwood School Board, are in the Express,
20 October 1911, page 2i.

A report of the laying of the foundation stone of a kindergarten is in the Advertiser,
21 October 1912, page 10g; also see
23 November 1912, page 18g.
Also see South Australia - Education - Kindergarten

"Montessori Method at Norwood" is in the Register,
18 December 1915, page 8h.

The laying of the foundation stone of St Joseph's School is reported in the Express,
16 October 1916, page 3d;
photographs of its opening are in the Chronicle,
10 February 1917, page 30.

A photograph of the unveiling of a Roll of Honour is in the Chronicle
30 March 1918, page 24.
Also see South Australia - World War I - Memorials to the Fallen

The opening of St Mary's Kindergarten is reported in the Advertiser,
9 August 1929, page 18g.

Information on a domestic arts centre is in the Register,
18 May 1926, page 4d (includes photo.).
"Good Wives of Tomorrow - Schoolgirl Cooks at Norwood" is in the Advertiser,
31 July 1934, page 14c.

The public school's 50th anniversary is reported in the Register,
22 June 1927, page 10c; also see
3 September 1927, page 10a (includes photo.),
2 April 1928, pages 10-11c.

A photograph of "the only school soup kitchen in Australia" is in the Register,
21 July 1928, page 13.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Sport

Baseball

Also see South Australia - Baseball.

The Norwood Baseball Club

(Taken from Geoffrey H. Manning's A Colonial Experience)

Under the auspices of the Norwood Cricket Club a baseball team was formed in March 1889. Its first reported match was played on the south end of the Adelaide Oval on 9 March 1889 following the conclusion of a cricket match between Norwood and Hindmarsh. Great interest was taken in the match and during the game a crowd of about a thousand spectators became quite enthusiastic. The Norwood team included Simpson, of the All-American team, which had visited Adelaide a little earlier. The Norwood team ran out winners against the Survey Department Club by 34 runs to 4. Its captain was George Giffen and other team members were McKenzie, Hoath, W. Giffen, Woods, R. Hill, Liston and Harcus.

In April 1889 another match was played against South Adelaide when the interest manifested in the match was such that a majority of the spectators gathered on the oval left the cricket and lawn tennis matches and clustered around the bases. The fact that the players were known to most onlookers, being members of the cricket teams which had monopolised the oval throughout the season, added to the interest in the game.

Unfortunately, the clubs were not evenly matched and the Norwood team apparently knew a great deal more about the rules of the game and played it better than their opponents and won comfortably by 30 runs to 5. The Norwood team members were McKenzie, Lyons, W. Giffen, Liston, Gooden, Hill, Blinman, Hoath and Harcus.

The club played in the premiership match against Postal & Telegraph in April 1890 and were soundly beaten, the final score being 50 runs to 15. At the 1890 annual general meeting of the newly-formed Norwood Baseball Club held in September the following were elected: Patron, Jas. Shaw; Presidents, the Mayor, T. Gepp and Sir Edwin Smith; Vice-Presidents, C.A. Murphy, W. Cade, J. Blinman, F.H. Otto and Major Stewart; Committee, A.N. Day, H.J. Stanes, H.C. Burnet; Secretary/Treasurer, C.W.G. Woods.

General Notes

Information on the baseball team is in the Observer,
30 March 1889, page 18d,
Express,
9 and 11 March 1889, pages 4d and 4b,
1 April 1889, page 4c,
18 November 1889, page 4b,
Register,
3 and 6 April 1889, pages 6h and 7h,
28 April 1890, page 7e,
Advertiser,
3 April 1889, page 7a,
Express,
13 January 1890, page 4b,
4 February 1890, page 4e,
11 September 1890, page 4b,
27 October 1890, page 4c,
19 November 1890, page 6g,
6 and 17 August 1894, pages 3f and 4c,
1 September 1894, page 6e.
Photographs are in the Express,
13 July 1912, page 10,
26 September 1912, page 8.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Sport

Boating and Rowing

Also see South Australia.

(Taken from G.H.Manning's A Colonial Experience

I recall that it was in the early 1880s, following the completion of the Torrens Lake, the Norwood Rowing Club was founded and among its active members were Messrs Wood, A. Martin, Ballantyne, C.E. Molton, L. Grayson, J. Hayes, E.C. Murch, B. Mather and A. Grayson. It is evident that because of the stance taken by the rowing association, as explained hereunder, the club declined to be associated with the class conscious hierarchy.

On 9 January 1886 an advertisement appeared in the local press calling for the formation of a boating club in the eastern suburbs. The convenors were Arthur J. Diamond, C. Kellett, J. Sellers, H. Upton, T. Coats, CD. Bell and W. Burnet. Accordingly in April 1886 about fifty men interested in rowing met at the Plough and Harrow Hotel to consider the advisability of establishing a club for the encouragement of amateur rowing among persons of all classes. Mr E.T. Smith occupied the chair; he said he had always taken an interest in boating and was sorry to have noticed that the public interest had seemed to flag.

He recalled that the first rowing association established in the colony was the South Australian, which included all classes of men, but after an existence of eighteen months it collapsed. Following the opening of the Torrens Lake the Adelaide Rowing Association was formed, but in their rules a distinction was made between 'amateurs' and 'trade amateurs'.

This action was taken in consequence of a supposed natural superiority which mechanical men possessed over professional men and clerks. This was considered unfair, as all athletic sports should be carried on irrespective of class. Some idea of the inherent snobbery prevailing at the time can be gauged from the following comments gleaned from the press:

[The association has passed a resolution whereby] a respectable young man who is guilty of earning his livelihood as a mechanic would be debarred from competition in a boatrace against clerks, professional men, etc... It is evident to the nearest comprehension that [it is] utterly out of place in South Australia, where the dignity of labour is preached and respected...

Accordingly, the Norwood Boating Club was formed 'for the encouragement and practice of amateur rowing among persons of all classes.' For several years after its foundation the club was 'consistently insignificant', its membership had dwindled considerably, while the enthusiasm of some of the old members seemed to have evaporated. The club suffered a heavy loss through the floods and for a time was stranded. But, by 1892, after hard work and perseverance under the guiding hand of its new secretary, Alick Slight, it ranked next to the Adelaide Club as the strongest on the lake.

In 1896 the club won the State eight-oar championship on the Port River in a boat donated by Sir Edwin Smith. The successful crew was G.T. Wooldridge, G. Ross, W. Collins, A. Hearn, E. Attridge, A. Onley, W.C. Crookall, T. Barns and C. Sweeney (cox).

The club amalgamated with the Commercial Rowing Club and the combined clubs became known as the Mercantile Rowing Club.

General Notes

Information on a boating club is in the Register,
9 and 12 January 1886, pages 1g-6g and 7b,
13 and 17 April 1893, pages 6g and 3e,
3 December 1894, page 3h,
Observer,
16, 23 and 30 January 1886, pages 18d, 19b and 19c,
23 February 1889, page 33d,
26 January 1889, page 19b,
22 April 1893, page 19e,
Express,
15 February 1887, page 4c,
13 February 1888, page 2b,
15 September 1888, page 4c,
25 February 1889, page 4b,
18 May 1895, page 6f,
4 November 1895, page 4c,
20 January 1896, page 4a,
12 April 1897, page 3f,
30 September 1897, page 3f,
8 November 1897, page 4c.

Information on the rowing club is in the Observer,
21 January 1882, page 14e,
4 March 1882, page 19c,
Express,
22 March 1882, page 2d,
27 July 1882, page 2f,
12 July 1884, page 2e,
7 December 1892, page 4c,
27 March 1893, page 4d,
15 and 17 April 1893, pages 6h and 4d,
13 November 1893, page 4c,
22 January 1894, page 3f,
20 March 1894, page 3e,
Chronicle,
27 January 1894, page 15g,
Observer,
8 December 1894, page 20e,
14 March 1896, page 20d,
Express,
3 December 1894, page 4b,
25 March 1895, page 3f,
17 September 1895, page 4c,
9 March 1896, page 4b,
Register,
18 August 1909, page 7c (amalgamation).

"The Champion Eights" is in the Register,
9 March 1896, pages 4f-7f.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Sport

Cricket

Also see South Australia - Sport - Cricket - Miscellany.

To follow the history of cricket in our municipality it is necessary to go back to the 1850s, for in 1854 a 'return' match between the Kensington Cricket Club and St Peter's College was held on the college ground. It having been urged that, on a former occasion the ages of the college players were greater on average than those of the opponents, it was agreed this time to adopt the principle of age for age. The rule fixed upon was that no boy above 18 years old be allowed to play and that the united aged of each should not exceed 165, making the average of 15.

The players came upon the field in good style, the blue and the crimson uniforms contrasting beautifully. The twenty formed a group of young fellows of whom any place in the world might be proud. The flags of the two were raised on opposite sides of the grounds and at 10 o'clock the wickets were pitched by the umpires, Messrs Fred Sanderson and Thomas Draper. After the first innings of each team the players rested awhile and, together with several gentlemen who were present as spectators, enjoyed the kind hospitality of the Rev Edmund Jenkins and his lady.

The conclusion of the match saw the college team running out as easy winners. The day was dusty at first, but afterwards pretty fine, though rather windy. Towards the afternoon a number of cricketers made their appearances and a second game was made up, but there was no time to finish. The bowling of Myles and Gosseline, on the college side, and that of Wood, on the Kensington, were deservedly admired.

In 1861 there were two clubs in the area - Eastern Suburban and Norwood. From that time until the formation of the present East Torrens Club in 1897, these teams were among the strongest in South Australia.

The Eastern Suburban Club was formed in 1861 with Lavington Glyde, President, Perry Wells, Vice-President, Mr Morton, Treasurer, W. Hughes, Secretary, when arrangements were made to practice on 'Shipster's Section' which had been 'kindly placed at the disposal of the committee by Mr Fenn.'

Its headquarters for the first two years was the Maid and Magpie Hotel and later the Kent Town Hotel. Matches were played in Kent Town and College Town and on a piece of land known as 'The Green' at the southern end of Elizabeth Street, where 'after some hours of diligent scraping, cutting and levelling a pitch was cleared...'; it was here that players assembled in 'the orthodox tall hat' and where play commenced generally at nine a.m. - invariably the losing team was obliged to pay for either a luncheon or tea in the evening.

Single wicket matches were popular and were played often. Under-arm bowling was the rule and many were the cunning twisters, lobs and Sydney grubbers rolled up to the batsmen, who were thought to be something special if they ever reached double figures.

In 1865 the Norwood club was formed and during its existence of 32 years only 64 games were lost. The whole of the challenge cups and trophies - six in all - presented for competition in connection with the Cricket Association were won.

To a large degree the Norwood club was responsible for the formation of the SA Cricket Association. At a meeting of members held on 9 May 1871, Mr W.O. Whitridge moved that the secretary be asked to communicate with the Australian, Kent, North Adelaide and Gawler clubs, with a view to obtaining their sanction to place their names on an advertisement calling a meeting to discuss the benefits of forming a cricket association, which came to pass at the Prince Alfred Hotel in May 1871; Mr J. Pickering was the first secretary. Mr Whitridge took a lively interest in the movement and was chairman for three years.

For many clubs an end of season 'treat' of the 1870s was in the form of a sea excursion to Edithburgh aboard the steamer Eleanor. Proceeding to Glenelg by rail the players and supporters boarded the ship at 7 am. and went across Saint Vincent Gulf arriving at noon. A picnic match was played against a local team and outside the cricket reserve people engaged in varied amusements, while the Concordia Band, brought from Adelaide especially for the occasion, played lively music and 'dancing was kept up with spirit.' Other more sedate excursioners went for a hike or tried their luck at fishing from the jetty.

Two members of the Norwood club to attain international fame were George Giffen and J.J. Lyons, while one of the finest local cricketers was J.E. Gooden, who was captain for sixteen years; he also captained a 'Colonial 18' against Lord Harris's English Eleven. C.C. Gooden, a brother, was also a prominent and successful Norwood player.

George Giffen, himself, would be only too ready to acknowledge all that he owed to the skill and tuition of 'Jimmy' and 'Charlie' Gooden. Then there was T.A. Caterer, the first to gain a Bachelor of Arts degree from the Adelaide University, who was a prominent member of the Kensington Cricket Club in the 1870s.

In the 1880s two other teams, East and West Norwood, had their grounds in Prescott's paddocks and the latter team once made glorious history by dismissing a Parkside team for five runs and the following Saturday getting East Norwood out for one run - Alf Drury and George Boyd getting 5 for 0 and 5 for 1, respectively.

With the introduction of the electorate system in 1897 the Norwood club disbanded and East Torrens rose in its place. At the first meeting of this club an effort was made to secure a recreation ground for Norwood and a committee was appointed for the purpose. Kensington Oval had been a popular reserve for football and cricket matches and other enjoyable sport gatherings, but as it was within the boundaries of Burnside a suitable piece of land was desired in the heart of Norwood.

Grounds then known as Clarke's vineyard were obtained and when it seemed that the land would be sold, an enthusiastic public meeting was held and the area was secured - This is the present Norwood Oval. Prior to this time both the cricket and football clubs shared a ground of some six acres in the east park lands under the control of the Adelaide civic authorities.

General Notes

Local cricket matches are reported in the Register,
10 March 1862, page 3b;
22 and 25 April 1862, pages 3f and 2h,
21 May 1862, page 3d;
versus Noarlunga in the Express,
10 November 1866, page 3c,
versus Gawler in the Register,
4 January 1871, page 3f.

"A Father of Cricket - Mr W.O. Whitridge" is in The Mail, 2 November 1912, page 8e.

Under the nom de plume of 'Oswald', in 1871, after a portion of the north park lands had been allocated for cricket purposes, Mr Whitridge, then only 18 years of age, wrote to the press suggesting the formation of an association to take over the arrangement of inter-colonial matches and to foster the game locally.

Years later, in a press interview he said he remembered his father trying to teach him to play when he was eight years old and that he took part in a contest between J.L. Young's school and St Peter's College at the age of ten years. With G.M. Evan and John Creswell he represented South Australia on the Australian Cricket Council during the nineties.

He was a splendid bowler and in the seasons 1877-8-9 he headed the association bowling averages with 5.24 and 4.09, respectively. On one occasion in a match against Victoria he secured 8 wickets for 10 runs. Later in life he was Chairman of the East Torrens Cricketing Association and was a foundation committee member of the Norwood oval. He is also a keen amateur gardener and poultry fancier.

Historical information on early cricket matches and players is in the Register,
24 May 1918, page 9a; also see
13 January 1920, page 4e.
"The First Norwood Cricket Club" is in the Register,
18 February 1925, page 13c.

Information on a star player, Whitridge, is in the Observer,
14 and 21 April 1877, pages 20b and 7f,
9 June 1877, page 10b.
"The No-Balling of Whitridge" is in the Observer,
9 December 1882, page 19c; also see
18 July 1885, page 18e.
A photograph is in The Critic,
9 October 1897, page 7.
"A Father of Cricket - Mr W.O. Whitridge" is in The Mail,
2 November 1912, page 8e; also see
Register,
1 January 1915, page 5f.
An obituary is in the Register,
15 and 20 February 1919, pages 6h and 6f.

The foundation of the Alliance Cricket Club is reported in the Observer,
26 April 1862, page 8b; also see
Observer,
24 May 1862, page 1f (supp.),
Register,
18 February 1925, page 13c.

An annual dinner of the Norwood Cricket Club is reported in the Observer,
19 June 1869, page 5f.

Information on local cricketers is in the Express,
2 September 1867, page 2c,
Advertiser,
16 and 20 December 1869, pages 3d and 3a,
Observer,
3 June 1871, pages 8-12g,
27 June 1874, page 18b,
Express,
22 June 1875, page 3e;
a history of the club is in the Advertiser,
27 July 1897, page 6c; also see
The News
7 December 1923, page 10e for information on it and the East Torrens club.

A cricket match, Norwood versus Sellick Beach is reported upon in the Express,
16 April 1868, page 3e,
versus Paradise on
22 February 1869, page 2e,
versus a Military Eleven in the Chronicle,
8 May 1869, page 11e,
versus Gawler, in the Observer,
11 November 1871, page 5f;
a single wicket match against Hindmarsh is reported in the Express,
20 May 1872, page 3e,
10 June 1872, page 3c,
at Mount Gambier in the Observer,
2 January 1886, page 18e.

Norwood versus Hindmarsh, and accusations of a refusal to accept an umpire's decision is reported in the Register,
25 and 31 January 1876, pages 7c and 6g and
2 February 1876, page 7c;
a return match is reported on
12 and 13 April 1876, pages 7b and 7c.
More trouble was met with the Hindmarsh team and an umpire expressed his concern on
20 January 1880, page 6d; also see
22 January 1880, page 6c.

The change of name from East Norwood Cricket Club to East Torrens is reported in the Express,
1 October 1870, page 2g.
An East Torrens Club Carnival is reported in the Observer,
11 September 1897, pages 11a-12a.

A meeting of the cricket club is reported in the Express,
30 May 1872, page 2d,
8 September 1873, page 2c,
Observer,
14 June 1873, page 7g,
26 June 1875, page 10g,
10 June 1876, page 5b; also see
22 July 1882, page 18d;
Express,
19 April 1876,
26 June 1877, page 2c, page 3g,
14 July 1886, page 4d,
Chronicle,
24 June 1876, page 12b,
29 December 1877, page 16d,
14 June 1879, page 17e,
Observer,
10 May 1879, page 14e,
28 June 1879, page 20d,
19 June 1880, page 998c.

Express,
30 May 1881, page 2d,
12 July 1881, page 2d, 4 and
4 and 18 October 1883, pages 3e and 3b,
Observer,
20 October 1883, page 30d,
9 June 1885, page 4a,
Register,
18 November 1890, page 7g,
Express,
10 April 1889, page 7b,
22 October 1889, page 4c,
18 November 1890, page 4a,
14 September 1891, page 3c,
6 May 1893, page 6g.

The presentation of the Cricketing Challenge Cup is reported in the Observer,
20 April 1878, page 10d,
4 May 1878, page 13d.

A refusal by the SA Cricket Club to play against Norwood is discussed in the Observer,
22 March 1879, page 14e.

"An Amusing Game of Cricket" is in the Register,
30 January 1880, page 5a.

Proposed amalgamation with the Kensington Club is reported in the Register,
24 and 31 August 1880, pages 5c and 5b.

A Cricket Club Sports Day is reported in the Chronicle,
30 September 1882, page 16d,
20 October 1883, page 15f.

A cricket club's sea excursions to Port Noarlunga and Port Willunga and a match against local teams are reported in the Express,
2 February 1885, page 2d,
Register,
2 February 1885, page 5a,
10 November 1885, page 7a.

A tour of the South-East is reported in the Register,
9 January 1886, page 7d.

An obituary of S. Morcom is in the Register,
16, 17 and 21 January 1888, pages 5b, 7e and 7g,
of W. Travers on 27 June 1892, page 5c,
of George Gurr on 5 March 1900, page 5b.

"The Last Gathering" which includes a history of the club, is in the Express,
27 July 1897, page 3e.

"Hooliganism at Norwood" is in the Register,
28 December 1909, page 4d.

A meeting of a cricket club is reported in the Express,
15 September 1910, page 6c.

The reminiscences of B.V. Scrymgour are in the Register,
28 September 1912, page 15e.

Cricket - "Not a Paying Game at Norwood" is in the Register,
23 September 1913, page 7a.

A photograph of members of a footballers' cricket club is in The Critic,
16 June 1915, page 13,
17 May 1916.

A photograph of members of the East Torrens District Cricket Club is in The Critic,
29 March 1916, page 14.

An obituary of John Pickering is in the Register, 21 February 1921, page 7b,
of Edgar D. Noon on 9 November 1923, page 8h.

An obituary of Nicholas Cole, a member of the first cricket team and State representative, is in the Observer,
2 February 1924, page 39a.

Biographical details of Harry Blinman are in the Register,
28 September 1923, page 6c, Observer, 9 June 1928, page 9d.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Sport

Cycling

Also see South Australia - Sport - Cycling.

A bicycle club was formed in 1884 -
see Register,
4 February, page 5b -
one of its first events was a "run" to Mount Barker - see
1 April 1884, page 5c; also see
Register,
16 February 1885, page 5f,
Chronicle,
28 March 1885, page 15b.
Observer,
30 May 1885, page 20d,
27 February 1886, page 19e,
17 April 1886, page 18e,
8 June 1889, page 18e.

A race meeting is reported in the Advertiser,
31 December 1888, page 7a,
Chronicle,
5 January 1889, page 13f and its 40th anniversary in the Register,
17 August 1923, page 17g.

Some early history of the club is in the Register,
3 October 1898, page 3c.

Information on a cyclists' club football match is in the Express,
21 July 1885, page 4b; also see
12 February 1886, page 3d.
A cycling club sports event is reported in the Register,
12 April 1886, page 7e and
a "fox hunt" organised by the local cycle club on
19 July 1886, page 5b (7b?); also see
Register,
10 January 1887, page 6c,
30 August 1890, page 3g,
8 May 1893, page 7h,
3 September 1894, page 7d,
14 October 1897, page 7b.

Also see Observer,
5 January 1889, page 20b,
20 February 1892, page 19e,
18 March 1893, page 20d,
13 May 1893, page 21a,
18 November 1893, page 19c,
9 October 1897, page 20c,
Express,
31 December 1888, page 3g,
6 March 1894, page 4c,
18 August 1894, page 6f,
10 June 1895, page 4a,
1 April 1897, page 4c,
17 May 1897, page 4d,
4 October 1897, page 4c,
3 October 1898, page 4c,
13 March 1899, page 4c,
22 May 1899, page 3g,
16 April 1908, page 1e.

A hill-climbing contest is reported in the Observer,
15 January 1887, page 18c.

The lowering of the world's bicycle record for half-a-mile by R. Davis is reported in the Observer,
10 November 1888, page 20a; also see
1 December 1888, page 18e.

An obituary of William Ashton, "a popular cyclist", is in the Register,
8 and 9 May 1893, pages 5a and 4h-5c,
Observer, 13 May 1893, page 14a.

A sketch of a club badge presented to Mr R.K. Threlfall is in the Express,
24 July 1897, page 5d.

A gymkhana is reported upon in the Register,
13 March 1899, page 3e.

"A Cycling Club Cottage [at the Children's Hospital]" is in the Observer,
27 May 1899, page 15c.

"Fifty Mile Road Race - Won By Norwood" is in the Register,
18 November 1905, page 5e.
A photograph is in The Critic,
13 December 1905, page 42.

Photographs of the club's camp at Port Noarlunga are in the Chronicle,
2 May 1908, page 29,
Observer,
25 April 1908, page 15d,
8 May 1909, page 28,
of members of the club and their machines in the Chronicle,
8 October 1910, page 34.

A "semi-jubilee" dinner is reported in the Register,
24 October 1908, page 11h.

Information on a Cycle and Motor Club is in the Advertiser,
29 March 1909, page 8e.
Its history is in The Mail,
11 and 18 October 1913, pages 9e and 15f and
its 40th jubilee in the Register,
17 August 1923, page 17g.

A photograph of members of a cycling club is in The Critic,
4 November 1914, page 7.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Sport

Football

Also see under South Australia - Sport - Football.

"Early Football - The Famous Old Vics" is in the Register,
29 September 1924, page 5c; also see
4 October 1924, page 9g.

The formation of the Norwood Football Club is reported in the Register,
1 March 1878, page 5c,
Observer,
9 March 1878, page 20g; also see
11 and 25 May 1878, pages 19g and 3g,
8 June 1878, page 19a,
Chronicle,
13 July 1878, page 18e,
Express,
7 October 1878, page 3e,
Observer,
12 October 1878, page 21d,
27 September 1884, page 18a,
9 February 1889, page 19b,
15 March 1890, page 16c,
13 October 1894, page 25c,
28 July 1906, page 41a,
Express,
28 October 1881, page 2d,
25 March 1882, page 2c,
25 September 1884, page 3d,
20 March 1885, page 4b,
9 and 11 May 1885, pages 4a and 4f,
22 March 1886, page 2c,
5 August 1886, page 4b,
3 September 1886, page 2c,
30 September 1887, page 4b,
13 March 1888, page 4a,
25 June 1888, page 4c,
16 July 1888, page 4e,
14 September 1888, page 4c,
8, 11 and 15 October 1888, pages 4c, 4c and 4c,
8 March 1889, page 2d,
19 October 1889, page 4c.

Also see Express,
11 March 1890, page 4e,
12 May 1890, page 4c,
14 July 1890, page 4c,
20 March 1891, page 4a,
26 May 1891, page 2f,
15 July 1891, page 2d,
26 March 1892, page 2c,
10 October 1892, page 3g,
13 August 1894, page 3e,
5 October 1894, page 3c,
30 March 1895, page 6g,
26 June 1895, page 4c,
21 April 1896, page 3f,
4, 7 and 23 June 1897, pages 2d, 3f and 3e,
26 March 1898, page 3e,
21 March 1902, page 3c,
18 August 1904, page 4e,
24 and 29 September 1904, pages 1b and 2c,
11 October 1904, page 4c.

A photograph of the first team is in the Chronicle,
11 August 1923, page 33.
An obituary of John H. Conrad, "a member of the first team", is in the Observer,
24 June 1911, page 41a.

A match against a Victorian team is reported in the Register,
26 May 1879, page 6e.

The first annual general meeting of the club is reported in the Observer,
5 April 1879, page 11c;
a history of the club is in the Advertiser,
11 July 1908, page 11b,
Observer,
19 May 1923, pages 41-43.

An obituary of W.B. Griffiths, "the originator of the electorate football system", is in the Observer,
5 December 1914, page 42a.

The reminiscences of "Joe" Sharp are in the Observer,
11 October 1924, page 47a.

A football match, Norwood versus Geelong, is reported in the Register,
23 July 1879, page 6b;
for matches in Melbourne see Observer,
26 June 1880, page 1018b,
3, 10 and 17 July 1880, pages 14e, 54c and 94d.
A concert held in the Town Hall in aid of the football club is reported in the Register,
15 May 1884, page 3h.

A football match played in fancy costumes is reported in the Register,
2 August 1879, page 5c.

A match against South Adelaide is reported in the Express,
19 May 1879, page 3b,
against "Juniors" in the Register,
8 September 1879, page 6f.

A shinty match played by the Norwood Football Club against the Caledonian Society is reported in the Observer,
8 September 1883, page 20a.

A football dispute concerning A.E. Waldron assaulting a Port Adelaide player by "spitting in his face" is reported in the Register,
15 and 27 September 1884, pages 5b-7h and 6e,
23 October 1884, page 5b,
Observer,
20 September 1884, page 29d.
"Mr Waldron in Trouble" is in the Express,
2 June 1893, page 3f,
"Waldron Looks Back" in The News,
3 April 1926, page 1d.

Information on the club is in the Express,
8, 11 and 15 September 1886, pages 5e, 3b and 3e.

A special meeting of the club is reported in the Observer,
27 September 1884, page 18a.

"The Late C.M. Jervis" is in the Register,
21 May 1887, page 5c.

A poem titled "A Little Footballer's Lay [Johnny Woods]" is in The Lantern,
23 July 1887, page 24 and
a cartoon of a premiership on
12 October 1889, page 1.

"Englishman v Norwood" is in the Register,
19 July 1888, page 7h.

A presentation to J. Diamond is reported in the Register,
6 May 1889, page 5c; also see
Register,
1 March 1928, page 12f.
A photograph of Mr Arthur J. Diamond is in the Observer,
17 March 1928, page 38.

"Victoria v Norwood" is in the Express,
13 June 1893, page 4b,
"Essendon v Norwood" on
27 July 1894, page 4b,
"Collingwood v Norwood" on
29 May 1895, page 4d,
"Geelong v Norwood" on
16 September 1897, page 4a,
"Essendon v Norwood" on
30 June 1898, page 4c,
"Fitzroy v Norwood" on
4 August 1898, page 4a.

An obituary of a former player and captain, H.A. Plunkett, is in the Register, 9 and 10 May 1895, pages 5b and 7e,
of Alfred Finlay on 16 October 1895, page 5d,
of W.R. Miller in the Observer, 4 January 1913, page 41a,
of J.D. Daly on 5 July 1913, page 41a,
of Frederick Letchford on 21 April 1928, page 49d.

Photographs of C. Horsnall, Mike Plunkett, Charlie Barnes and C. Robinson are in The Critic,
9 June 1900, page 6, 16 June 1900, page 30 and 23 June 1900, page 28.

Photographs of a football match are in The Critic,
31 May 1902, 20 June 1903, page 9,
6 and 27 July 1904, pages 14 and 10.

A presentation to G. Searcy is reported in the Register,
27 November 1903, page 3e.

A photograph of the team is in the Chronicle,
31 May 1902, page 40 and
of a team in fancy dress on
29 July 1905, page 27; also see
Observer,
11 May 1912, page 31,
14 May 1921, page 21,
15 October 1921, page 25,
13 May 1922, page 24,
12 May 1923, page 28,
10 May 1924, page 33.

"Trouble in Football Camp" is in the Advertiser,
18 and 23 August 1904, pages 4e and 6g and
an assault on North Adelaide footballers by larrikins on
16 May 1905, page 4e,
Register,
16 May 1905, page 4f,
Express,
16 May 1905, page 3g.

A match against Broken Hill is reported in the Register,
27 July 1905, page 9g.

A history is in the Observer,
19 May 1923, page 41c.

Reminiscences of the 1904 premiership match are in The News,
4 April 1924, page 3d.

An assault on North Adelaide players by larrikins is reported in the Express,
16 may 1905, page 3g.

A photograph of a team is in The Critic,
23 May 1906, page 10.

A history of the club is in the Observer,
28 July 1906, page 41a.

Biographical details of James Shaw and W.O. Whitridge are in the Register,
24 July 1906, page 8h,
of Dr D. Dawson on 25 March 1907, page 5a.

"Football and Mud Throwers" is in the Register,
18 July 1907, page 6d.

"Red and Blue Rejoicing" is in the Register,
30 September 1907, page 4i.
A photograph is in The Critic,
25 September 1907, page 17.

"Premiership of Australia - Won by Norwood" is in the Register,
30 September 1907, page 6a.

A photograph of the grandstand on a football day is in The Critic,
22 July 1908, page 21.

"Football Barrackers and Cowardly Assault" is in the Register,
30 March 1909, page 11c.

"Impromptu Entertainments" is in the Register,
10 May 1909, page 4e.

"Football Factions - Trouble at Norwood" is in the Register,
2 July 1909, page 3c.

The need for umpire "escorts" is discussed in the Register,
3 August 1909, page 6f.

"Oxygen and Athletics - Pumping New Life Into Footballers" is in the Advertiser,
10 and 11 September 1909, pages 6g and 11g.

A team photograph is in The Critic,
26 May 1909, page 10.

"Argument Over Football - Wagering Leads to Assault" is in the Express,
1 July 1909, page 1e.

Biographical details of G. Searcy, a long-time office holder, are in the Register,
20 May 1910, page 5a.
His presentation of a photograph of the 1878 team to the corporation is reported in the
Register, 3 December 1912, page 6g.

An obituary of T.A. Reeves, "a foundation member of the Norwood Football Club", is in the Register,
19 January 1911, page 7a.

An obituary of John H. Coward, life member, is in theRegister,
16 June 1911, page 6h,
of J.D. "Bunny" Daly on 28 June 1913, page 17c,
of W.B. Griffiths, league delegate, on 30 November 1914, page 4i.
Information on a monument to "Bunny" Daly is in the Register,
4 September 1916, page 4f.

"The Norwood Club" is in the Register,
28 March 1911, page 5b.

"Football Humour" is in the Register,
6 May 1912, page 6e.

"Protection for Players and Umpires" is in the Register,
5 June 1912, page 12f.

"An Arrest at a Football Match" is in the Register,
15 July 1912, page 6e.

A special church service for athletes by Rev C.F. Perry, "the well-known Norwood footballer", is reported in the Register,
22 July 1912, page 5h.

An obituary of C.E. Gwynne, a former player, is in the Register,
17 November 1913, page 8a,
of F.E. Andrews, a former player, on 16 January 1918, page 6f.

"The Football League and Municipalities" is in the Register,
16 December 1913, page 6g; also see
10 March 1914, page 6g.

"Norwood and South Champions [of the past]" is in the Register,
26 February 1916, page 7d.

Information on the Norwood Charities Football Club is in the Register,
30 June 1917, page 10b.

"South Adelaide v Norwood - Some Recollections" is in the Register,
1 October 1921, page 7c.

"The Greatest Norwood Team" is in the Advertiser,
26 July 1923, page 13b.

"Norwood's Stirring Days - Giants Past and Present" is in The Mail,
16 July 1921, page 2e,
"Norwood of Old - In Dr Dawson's Day" on
17 September 1921, page 3c,
"Giants of the Past - Early Norwood and Port Adelaide Players" on
1 October 1921, page 3c,
"Football Memories" on
21 June 1924, page 10a.

Biographical details of Alfred J. Roberts, a former player, are in the Register,
16 June 1923, page 13c.

"The Bent Case" is in the Register,
15 September 1923, page 13f,
1 October 1923, page 10e
"Art of Cool Alec [Roy Bent]" is in The News,
11 September 1924, page 11a;
information on Alec Lill is on the same page.
An "Old Norwood Song" appears on
3 October 1924, page 11c.

An interview with Guy Stevens is reported in The News,
4 June 1925, page 8a,
"Sid White's Last Game" on
2 October 1925, page 8d.

"Norwood Records" is in The News,
24 September 1925, page 9d,
"Old-Time Players of Norwood Club" on
16 February 1928, page 16b.

"Football Jubilee" is in the Register on
11 February 1928, page 7c; also see
29 February 1928, page 14d.

A photograph of Mr Arthur J. Diamond is in the Observer,
17 March 1928, page 38.

"Medallions to be Issued by Norwood Football Club" is in The News,
27 February 1936, page 17e.

"Norwood Records" is in The News,
24 September 1925, page 9d,
"Waldron Looks Back" on
3 April 1926, page 1d,
"Old-Time Players of Norwood Club" on
16 February 1928, page 16b.
An obituary of "Topsy" Waldron is in the Register,
8 June 1929, page 38d.

"Football Jubilee" is in the Register on
11 February 1928, page 7c; also see
29 February 1928, page 14d.
Biographical details of C.C. Daly are in the Register,
5 July 1928, page 6g.

Norwood - Sports - The Oval

A proposed recreation ground is discussed in the Register,
20 April 1880, page 5b,
Express,
3 and 11 September 1886, pages 2c and 3g,
18 and 26 April 1899, pages 3e and 2c,
11 May 1899, page 4b,
Register,
25 October 1898, page 3c,
26 April 1899, page 3h,
9, 11 and 17 May 1899, pages 4h, 3g and 4h,
3 June 1899, page 5e.
Photographs are in The Critic,
4 May 1901, pages 5 and 10 (directors).

Historical information is in the Register,
9 April 1910, page 11c.

A proposal to purchase "Clarke's Old Vineyard" for conversion into an oval is reported upon in the Register,
20 June 1900, page 4f,
27 July 1900, page 4f,
1 May 1903, page 7h.
An obituary of Thomas Clarke is in the Register,
7 June 1912, page 6i.

Its opening is reported on
29 April 1901, page 3i; also see
Register,
27 October 1903, page 6g,
3 May 1904, page 4e,
Express,
27 October 1903, page 4g,
3 May 1904, page 2d,
The Critic,
21 March 1906, pages 13 and 15 (photographs),
Register,
26 September 1905, page 7h,
17 October 1905, pages 4h-6g,
15 March 1906, page 6a (opening),
21 August 1906, page 4f,
14 May 1907, page 4e,
18 February 1908, page 6i,
17 and 31 March 1908, pages page 4h and 4e,
18 August 1908, page 4e,
16 December 1908, page 6h,
31 August 1909, page 4d,
Observer,
19 May 1923, page 41e.

A children's gala day on the Oval is reported in the Register,
27 June 1902, page 8e.
Photographs are in the Observer,
24 March 1906, page 29,
30 November 1907, page 30,
6 April 1910, page 4b.

"Death on an Oval" is in the Register,
17 July 1905, page 4e,
"Norwood Oval Topics" is in the Register,
17 August 1909, page 4f.

"The Betting Evil" at Norwood Oval is discussed in the Register,
9 July 1907, page 6f.

Photographs, etc., of a fete on the oval are in The Critic,
27 November 1907, pages 14, 16 and 24.

"Trams to Norwood Oval" is in the Register,
11 May 1909, page 6e.

"Trouble Over a Water Meter" is in the Register,
26 October 1909, page 4f.

Information on the tenure of the oval is in the Register,
14 December 1909, page 6g; also see
26 April 1910, page 6f,
24 May 1910, page 4e,
11 April 1911, page 6e,
22 July 1911, page 8g.

A photograph of a YMCA fete on the oval is in The Critic,
2 March 1910, page 8.

Information on games on the Norwood Oval is in the Register,
24 May 1910, page 4e.

"Patriotic Football" is in the Register,
20 April 1916, page 4f.

"Corporation Embargo on School Children" is in the Register,
25 March 1925, page 9c,
7, 8, 20 and 21 April 1925, pages 13a, 9c, 6g and 13e.

Information on the oval is in the Register,
10 March 1925, page 9d,
5 April 1927, page 8f.

A controversy over a plan to enlarge the oval is traversed in the Register,
7, 8 and 21 April 1925, pages 13a, 9c and 13c,
1 December 1926, page 7f.

The opening of a new pavilion is reported in the Register,
29 March 1929, page 11e,
Advertiser,
20 May 1929, page 10a.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Sport

Miscellany

"Norwood Sports" is in the Adelaide Times, 23 July 1850, page 3b:

There was a large concourse of people... to participate in, and witness a variety of sports, such as shooting at penny pieces, targets, bottles, etc... After the principal sports were over the blacks were induced to test their respective merits in throwing spears at loaves of bread... A horse-race meeting is reported in the Register,
3 January 1860, page 3f.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

Boxing Day sports at the Robin Hood Hotel are reported in the Register,
3 January 1860, page 3f,
Observer,
29 December 1866, page 4d.

The results of an athletics meeting are reported in the Express,
11 October 1870, page 2g,
Register,
9 September 1872, page 3f; also see
Observer,
7 and 14 September 1872, pages 5e and 11e,
Chronicle,
14 December 1872, page 4c,
18 October 1873, page 5a.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Athletics and Gymnastics.

Information on the Osmond Terrace Athletic Club is in the Express,
2 November 1875, page 2c and
the Osmond Football Club on
8 March 1895, page 4a.

A shinty match is reported in the Express,
26 August 1884, page 3f.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Shinty.

The Volunteer Rifle Club is reported upon in the Register,
13 June 1878, page 6g,
Observer,
23 April 1881, page 727a,
Chronicle,
10 September 1881, page 15e; also see
Register,
12 April 1883, page 2a (supp.),
Observer,
14 April 1883, page 18c,
Register,
12 and 26 April 1884, pages 7a and 5a.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Rifle Shooting and
Also see Express,
29 April 1885, page 6f,
2 November 1885, page 2e,
2 January 1886, page 3d.
"Rifle Range at Norwood" is in the Register,
2 November 1915, page 4e.

"The Norwood Rink" is discussed in the Express,
3, 18 and 30 August 1888, pages 3a, 2d and 3e,
8 and 18 September 1888, pages 4c and 2d,
25 and 29 October 1888, pages 3c and 2d,
17 December 1888, page 2b,
Register,
26 and 30 October 1888, pages 7g and 6h,
Chronicle,
22 December 1888, page 8d.
A "polo" match on the rink is reported in the Express,
25 February 1889, page 4b.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Roller and Ice Skating.

"Public Baths for Norwood" is in the Register,
5 January 1886, page 6f,
Express,
7 July 1896, page 3e,
Register,
15 July 1902, page 4g,
12 August 1902, page 4i.

The death of the noted footballer, cyclist and athlete, J.O. Bertram, is reported in the Observer,
26 December 1896, page 16b.

A gymkhana is reported in the Observer,
18 March 1899, page 21c.

The formation of a branch of the Australian Natives' Association is reported in the Register,
23 June 1900, page 8g.

"[Australia] Blondin in Difficulties" is in the Register,
29 December 1902, page 4e.
Also see Adelaide - Entertainment and the Arts - Miscellany.

Information on the East Torrens Recreation Ground is in the Express,
27 October 1903, page 4g.

A meeting of the East Torrens Lacrosse Club is reported in the Express,
4 April 1906, page 2d.
A team photograph is in The Critic,
30 June 1909, page 13,
8 July 1909, page 13,
3 July 1912, page 9.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Lacrosse.

An obituary of A.E. Lawton, "who inaugurated the bowling club on the oval", is in the Register,19 January 1903, page 4h; also see
12 May 1905, page 7h for information on a "new bowling green".
Photographs are in The Critic,
1 February 1905, page 14,
9 May 1906, pages 4, 10 and 11.

Historical information on the bowling club is in the Observer,
12 May 1906, page 30a,
19 May 1923, page 41c.
The 9th annual general meeting of the bowling club is reported in the Observer,
2 September 1911, page 25e; also see
Register,
24 October 1911, page 7f,
The Critic,
5 May 1915, page 11,
31 October 1917, page 11,
28 November 1917, page 23 (photographs),
19 January 1916, page 15,
26 January 1916, page 10.
Photographs of T.G. Terrill and R. Martin are in The Critic,
21 January 1920, page 14.
A history of the bowling club is in The News,
15 March 1928, page 13g.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Bowling.

"The Betting Evil" at Norwood Oval is discussed in the Register,
9 July 1907, page 6f.
Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Gambling - Miscellany.

A photograph of members of the Sydenham Road tennis team is in the Chronicle,
14 March 1908, page 29,
of the Wesley Club in the Observer,
14 April 1928, page 37.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Tennis.

Information on Miss Heather Gell's eurhythmics classes is in the Register,
26 August 1925, page 12g.

"Sunday Sports" is in the Register,
9 February 1926, page 11h.
Also see South Australia - Religion - Breaking the Sabbath.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N
Place Names

Norwood

Transport

Also see Adelaide - Transport.

Local Transport

(Taken from Geoffrey H. Manning A Colonial Experience)

The first public conveyance from the city to Kensington was a non-licensed spring cart that carried, when opportunity offered, from six to nine passengers at one shilling each; it started for Adelaide from the Robin Hood Hotel on Kensington Terrace. In a reminiscent mood Mr R.K. Threlfall, at a gathering of long-time residents in 1896, recalled that, initially, 'the only conveyance to the city and in which we used to catch colds, was a broken down bus with a poor old animal dragging it and an aged Jehu as driver, who continually reminded his passengers that if they sat a little bit forward or backward it would be better for the horse.'

Later, Mr A.J. Baker appeared on the scene with a coach which he drove from Adelaide round Dr Kent's section, past Bailey Gardens (in modern-day Hackney), through Stepney and Norwood to Kensington. By the close of 1856 the inhabitants had either an omnibus, car or cart, every half hour to and from Adelaide. The fare, which was once a shilling, when the alternative lay between a crowded cart or nothing at all, was then sixpence, with the advantage of a choice of vehicles and seats inside or outside as was preferred.

This service was operated by Mr Sharpe, a livery stable keeper in Adelaide, whose buses were heavy but comfortable and, 'from the steps of these, young Kensingtonians had many a tumble when whipped behind in endeavouring to obtain a cheap ride.' I recall that in the 1860s Mr W. Vowles Brown 'handled the ribbons' on Kensington Road where he drove the bus 'Robin Hood' and had as fellow-drivers, Frank McGee and John Leslie.

Travel was not without its perils and dangers and, in July 1857, an omnibus, without a driver, was seen careering on the broad footway of The Parade and several pedestrians endeavoured to effectually stop the unrestrained progress of the horses. Further on, two men employed on the road made similar efforts with no better success and the animals passed over the Kent Town bridge, between Rundle Street and Dr Kent's house, and those who followed vainly expected to find the affair had ended in a disastrous capsize.

Happily, however, the runaways, on reaching the creek in the Park Lands, selected a safe crossing place and, proceeding up Pirie Street at a rapid pace, entered the yard of their master's premises (Mr Sharpe) with no more injury to the vehicle than one broken pane. The only passenger was a German lady, who kept her seat with wonderful self-possession and did not hesitate to return in the same omnibus. No blame was attributed to the careful driver (Mr Phillips) who was thrown from his box by an unavoidable collision with a laden dray and was not much hurt by the fall.

In May 1859 one of the most civil and obliging omnibus drivers, while driving through Norwood, was stopped by a lady who, of course, wished to get inside and the driver very politely asked one of the 'Lords of Creation' if he would ride outside, to make room for one of the weaker sex; upon which he got out and said he would walk and the driver told him he could do so if he liked. This gentleman was a member of parliament and went at once to Mr Beddome, the magistrate, who took away the poor fellow's licence, thus depriving him of a living.

The conduct of some drivers was of concern to many residents of Kensington in 1867 when they complained to the council as to the 'almost daily occurrence of drunkenness, rioting and fighting, together with the most obscene language, oaths and swearing among the omnibus drivers at the Kensington terminus. Respectable females dared not pass the cab stand, while children were demoralised and local trade injured materially.' However, they hastened to add that there were several 'highly respectable and well-behaved drivers amongst them who deplored the state of things.'

By 1870 the buses started every ten minutes from the Red Lion Hotel in Rundle Street, whether there were passengers or not, and conveyed passengers to any point on the route for sixpence; the terminus was the Rising Sun Inn, Bridge Street, known in those far off days as 'Black Beck's'.

Of the numerous drivers of these vehicles over a decade or two I can recall 'Tommy' Kempster, 'Johnny' Leslie, Carrington, Frank Mageach (later manager of the Adelaide & Suburban Tramway Company), 'Tommy' Rowe, Northway, Blackeby, Lane (senior), Thomas, Amey and that veteran, Antonio Gannoni, with his celebrated pair of horses, 'Garibaldi' and 'Captain'.

Being an old sailor, their owner was in the habit of using their reins as he would tiller ropes, one in each hand partly to keep his chargers on their feet, and partly to cause them to pull with their mouths as well as with their shoulders. Thus, in the process of driving he would get through almost as much in the way of exercise as his horses; but the dear old man was very careful of his passengers, for when seated he would, sailor-like, inform them that there was 'a ketch inside', meaning a swivel lock on the door, so as to prevent them from getting out should they imagine the pacing of his horses too slow. On one occasion 'Captain' fell down when going up a hill and any student of choice Italian would then have enjoyed himself, simply because the old chap at the helm happened to land on his head.

While these early coaches were licensed to carry a certain number of passengers they could, with impunity, transport ever so many more and to the best of my knowledge no drivers ever appeared before the Police Court. They started when they pleased, but in the 1850s the district constable, not a very military looking man yet good withal, energetic and attentive to his duty, especially in the mornings, acted as timekeeper and despatched the vehicles at ten minute intervals. The drivers would then run their traps out of the stand, pull off, dodge around Grove Street and Pappin's Corner, then rush on again to grasp a situation more favourable to the ingathering of further fares, legal or otherwise.

If the words of a disgruntled patron are to be believed this 'service' left a lot to be desired for in 1866 he said:

Civility, in their opinion, is tame and monotonous... The drivers commence the day's proceedings by racing down to the stand in twos and threes at the top of the horses speed, to the great danger of any unfortunate children who may chance to be in the way...

By the late 1870s it was said that the licensed vehicles were unique 'both from their extreme ugliness and their utter want of comfort.' In King William Street about the Gresham Corner [the present site of the AMP Society] a number of Irish jaunting cars stood which were 'with the quadrupeds and drivers, most perfect likenesses of the dilapidated "turnouts" which used to play an important part in the famous sketches of John Leech.'

Some drivers insisted on having their vehicles full before leaving the stand unless they had stood there the allotted ten minutes, and after departure they were obliged to refuse many on the line of route. In 1874 there were 372 licensed vehicles in Adelaide and 415 in 1878.

One peculiarity was the number of two-horse vehicles engaged in the trade; in other colonies one-horse cabs were normally used for ordinary traffic, and as the number of horses to be maintained was thereby reduced by one-half, the horse was kept in much better condition. The reason for the local departure from this standard was the frequency of trips into the hills which were more remunerative than street trade.

There were a few hansom cabs, some in a dilapidated condition; in Melbourne this type of conveyance retired from the streets when business men left their place of work and was not seen plying at night. This did not happen in Adelaide and it was certain that they were connected 'directly or indirectly with proceedings which are no honour to our city.' These vehicles would scarcely bear inspection by the light of day and their owners were 'importunate, insolent and profane... and are virtually touters for those with whom they have allied themselves.'

The Adelaide terminus seemed to suit everybody's convenience, but in July 1873 there arose a certain Councillor - Wigg by name - who lived not in Norwood, but in North Adelaide. This mighty potentate kept a shop on the other side of the road, and as he fancied that the Norwood vehicles somewhat obscured the views of his wares, he moved that from henceforth only one vehicle should be allowed to stand at one time.

Having gained this much Councillor Wigg might well have been satisfied; but no. Having thrust in the thin edge of the wedge he determined to drive it home, and he discovered, accordingly, that the presence of even one vehicle in Rundle Street had an injurious effect upon his business, and succeeded in getting the stand removed altogether from Rundle Street to the northern end of King William Street.

Apparently there was no suggestion emanating from the corporation that Mr Wigg was faced with a conflict of interest when pursuing the coachmen, but the residents of Kent Town, Norwood and Kensington, concerned that the new site was in the centre of a very wide street, and as such a great risk to patrons while crossing over to the stand, memorialised the corporation for an immediate restoration of the original site, while the editor of The Irish Harp concluded that it was intolerable that a single shopkeeper should thus have the power of overriding the interests of a whole community. In their wisdom the City fathers decided to relocate the cab stand at the corner of Grenfell and King William Streets.

By 1875 about 40 cabs ran every ten minutes and endeavoured to satisfy the travelling wants of the neighbourhood but, with the imminent introduction of horse trams, the demise of the coaches had started and the Editor of the Express & Telegraph expressed the opinion that:

Thus, these cabs endeavoured to compete, but by 1882 the tram cars departed every five minutes, and before and after business hours at an interval of three minutes, each carrying forty passengers.

General Notes

"The Norwood Coaches" is in the Register,
30 July 1861, page 3c.
A photograph of the coach "Try Again" is in The Critic,
24 February 1909, page 13.

A public meeting about the location of a cab stand is reported in The Irish Harp,
27 March 1874, page 6a.

A proposed tramway is reported upon in the Express,
9 April 1875, page 2b,
The Adelaide Punch,
14 September 1878, page 10,
28 September 1878, page 3,
19 November 1878, page 9,
Observer,
27 November 1880, page 909e:

A Protest

By a Norwood Cabman

I'm a cabman - tho' I say it -
'Onest as the orb uv day.
(Wot that menes I aint kwite sertin;
But its poickry, so to say.)

On the Norwood road I'm runnin',
And I arsk why is this thus -
That theirs one lor for the tramcar,
And another for the bus?

I allood to over-crowdin',
Which them tramcars always dus,
And the bobbies take no notice,
Tho' they quickly drops on us.

By our liesense we ken kerry
Two in front and ten inside;
But we can't exceed that number
Tho' the Kwene should want to ride.

For if by chance we picks up
Ov a cupple extree fares,
Specter Shakespeare's low murmiddons
Drops upon us unawares.

Then afore the beke - old Beddome -
We are carried up next day;
And for p'raps a extree sickspemce,
Twenty shillun 'ave to pay.

But them tramcars - them's the small ones -
Eighteen coves supposed to bare,
Offen takes as much as forty,
Wich to us pore chaps aint fare.

If for crowdin' cabby's dropt on;
Why should tramway cars go free?
Lors afraid of welthy boddies;
Leastways so it seems to me.

Tho they go agin our livin',
For the trams we'd never kare
If they'd show the clene pertater,
And act alvays on the skware.

But with such a 'andicappin',
We ken never get a show,
Why lor's groan so werry parshal,
We would like to kno', you kno'.

If the tramcars may be loaded
In an' out as thick as bees,
Why must we be pursykuted?
Deerest Punch, it aint the cheese!

Where's our vornted British justice,
'Elpin' pore as well as rich.
Her eyes aint so titely bandaged
But she finds out which is which.
(The Adelaide Punch, 28 September 1878.)

"Norwood and the Tramways" is in the Express,
5 February 1907, page 4i; also see
28 May 1907, page 3h.
"Electric Tramways - Banquet at Norwood" is in the Register,
10 and 16 March 1909, pages 7d and 4f,
Express,
10 and 16 March 1909, pages 4h and 3h.
See Adelaide - Transport and Place Names - Kensington for further information on tramways.

"The Autobiography of a Norwood Bus" is in the Register,
24 July 1877, page 5f,
Observer,
28 July 1877, page 13e:

'Year succeeded year and the monotony of my existence, relieved only by an occasional trip to the Bay or the Hills, grew wearisome to me... My driver no longer took any pride in my appearance and the miserable horses that dragged me along looked as though they were attending their own funeral.

'I have been run into in King William Street, upset in Rundle Road, my wheel came off in Kensington and my splashboard dropped down in The Parade; passengers began to avoid me; ladies, who in times gone by hired me and declared I was the most comfortable bus on the stand, now took themselves and their children and parcels to the neat conveyance.

'Even Inspector Ray ceased to beam on me, but looked askance and threatened to report me at the next Council; and so at last, and as rickety and as creaky as was possible without absolutely collapsing altogether, it was determined that I should return to the place where I was born and undergo renovation...

'I emerged once more into the world... but still my owner took me very carefully over the stones and spoke so well of me that I knew he wanted to sell me. He didn't do it though and things jogged along with me much the same as usual, excepting that the infirmities incidental to age began again to show themselves and there is no resurrection for a thoroughly used-up old bus like me.

'When one day news came to Norwood that a tramway was to be constructed and that all the buses would be run off the road, I didn't believe it - not that it would take any very hard running to get the better of most of us - but tramways cost money and the Norwoodites don't like to part with theirs, and then there was the Corporation to be consulted and they, bless their dear old bodies, are almost always the very last to encourage what the world calls progress.

'People said that all the shares were subscribed for; a good many of us thought it was only a broker's yarn - we couldn't and we wouldn't believe it. We had become an institution. Inspector Ray said that if only one of the tram-cars came on the road he'd have it up quick sticks before Beddome as a nuisance and that he'd even give up detective duty and leave off watching the milk-woman's cows to enforce the strict penalties of the law against so monstrous an innovation. We felt reassured for had he not been our faithful, though stern, friend for many a long year?

'Rumours reached us from all sorts of sources about all kinds of things in connection with this matter, but we rumbled along the uneven tenor of our ways, having faith in one another and having faith in Ray, till one day, just about noon, eight huge cases were drawn up the Parade in solemn procession, and a man came rushing up to the bus stand shouting, "They have come!"

'Who? What? said everybody at once - "The Russians?" 'No!", replied the bearer of ill tidings, "The Tramcars From America". The shock finished me. I dropped to pieces where I stood and one of my wheels ran over the driver's toe and made him swear. I couldn't help it; I never bore him any ill-will, for he was stuck to me, as I may say through wheel and "wo", all my life.

'If it had been the promoter of the tramway I should have died happy. I am to be sold as I lie, cheap; but although a wreck, I am honest. I haven't taken Sunday-school children to treats so many times not to have learnt that, and from the depths of my honest though blighted heart I warn you, don't buy me unless you happen to want firewood.'

A report on the proposed railway to the hills via Kensington and Norwood is in the Register,
6 August 1878 (supp.), page 2e.

Information on postal and telegraph facilities are in the Express,
14, 22 and 23 December 1874, pages 2g, 3f and 3f.
A sketch of the post office is in the Pictorial Australian in
April 1876.
Information on a proposed telephone exchange is in the Register,
10 June 1908, page 4d.

"Trams and Tram Conductors" is in the Register,
21 October 1879, page 6e.
A fatal tramcar accident to A.D. Webster is reported in the Register,
23 May 1887, page 5c; also see
12 and 14 May 1890, pages 7e and 7h.

"The Row in a Tramcar" is in the Register,
7 December 1880, page 6g.

Information on the tram service is in The Lantern,
15 May 1880, page 6,
7 and 14 May 1881, pages 2 and 9,
11 June 1881, page 1,
9 July 1881, pages 1d and 9b:

[I] join with the great body of Norwood and Kensington residents in offering up a song of praise and thankfulness for the enterprise and sagacity shown by the promoters of this very useful company. But still the tramcar has its drawbacks and [I] consider it is [my] bounden duty to point them out.

There is the rattle and the crowding, but chiefly there are the conductors. These limbs of Satan are simply unbearable at times, and they show 'a natural leaning to cussedness', as Artemus Ward puts it, which is simply miraculous. They have a marvellous aptitude for getting in one's way, and generally they appear to delight in giving as much trouble as possible.

Should an old lady, heavily laden with parcels, be wearily clambering into the car, bang goes the bell while the dear creature is slowly wending her way to a seat, and down she sits abruptly on some masculine's knee, while her parcels are sent promiscuously into neighbouring laps and faces.

Should a sweet damsel be carefully alighting so as to keep clear of the surrounding mud, ding, ding, sounds on her affrighted ears and off she goes staggering forward, often on her charming hands or her unmentionable knees, while her parasol goes into the gutter and her hat tilts rakishly over her eyes...

Should a belated traveller be running anxiously for the car, the conductor is firmly ensconced on the steps and there he stops altogether immovable, while the unfortunate is frantically endeavouring to get a footing. Then he jumps off hurriedly, nearly capsizes the hanger-on and asks blandly for his fare. If you have a bad foot, he kicks it; if a sore hand, he knocks it.

If you have a camellia, which you are carefully treasuring as a present to your lady-love, he ruthlessly pushes by you and breaks it, and by his monkeyish antics throughout makes himself an entire and unmitigated nuisance. Will Mr Buik or some other director do something to curb the fiery, untamed ardour of these miscreants, and thus lay an obligation on a large section of the travelling public...

The trams rarely run up to the time that is published... the boys are decidedly cheeky (their being dirty is... excusable) and some of the drivers seem asleep during the journey... The already fatigued bony horses... should have been turned out four years ago...

Every variety of jolt and violent swaying, both sidelong and upwards, has to be endured - not necessarily for the whole journey, because it is open to passengers, who cannot bear the infliction, to get out and walk before reaching their destination.

"The Tramways - Norwood's Selection - Mr Holden Nominated" is in the Register,
8 January 1907, page 7f.

"Norwood and the Tramways" is in the Express,
5 February 1907, page 4i; also see
28 May 1907, page 3h.

"Tramways - Straight Route From Norwood" is in the Register,
3 April 1907, page 6c.

"Electric Trams for Norwood" is in the Register,
4 August 1908, page 7c.
A cartoon is in The Critic,
17 March 1909, page 3.

"The Trams at Norwood" is in the Register,
29 September 1908, page 7,
8 December 1908, page 5a; also see
11 May 1909, page 6e.

"Thrown From an Electric Car - A Widow's Claim" is in the Register,
16 March 1911, page 9d.

"Overcrowded Trams" is in the Register,
23 May 1911, page 5c.

"Norwood Parade Fatality" is in the Register,
21 and 24 August 1912, pages 9d and 18e.

"Roads and Motor Buses" is in the Register,
5 and 6 January 1916, pages 7b and 5c.

Norwood
North Adelaide - Nympsvale
N