Place Names of South Australia - G

Gilbert Town - Gleeville

Gilbert Town
Gilberton
Giles Corner
Giles Flat
Giles, Hundred of
Gill Island
Gill, Lake
Gillen Village
Gilles Flat
Gilles Plains
Gillman
Gladstone
Glandore
Glanville
Gleeville

Gilbert Town

Nomenclature

Gilbert Town, a subdivision of section 208, Hundred of Gilbert by Edmund Bowman in 1854.

[It is] immediately contiguous to the Government Water Reserve; a steam mill is already contemplated upon portion of the property... situated 10 miles south of Saddleworth, 5 miles north of Catchlove's Inn and only a mile-and-a-quarter from the Forester's [sic] Inn.

General Notes

A ploughing match is reported in the Register,
17 August 1861, page 3c, Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Ploughing Matches.
1 September 1866, page 4a,
Chronicle,
25 September 1869, page 6a:

Better known as 'Forrester's'. A ploughing match was held in August 1861 in a paddock belonging to Mr. Ashton... The dinner took place at Forrester's Hotel... Mr. Adam Kelly proposed the toast of 'The Legislative Council'... Nearly all rose and gave three cheers for the Legislative Council and three groans for the majority of the Lower House... Mr. Forrester trusted that in a few years time he might see a large township raised from the present small village...

The murder of Mr Forrester at the Forrester's Inn is reported in the Register,
10 February 1866, page 2e; also see
12 and 14 February 1866, pages 2f and 2e.

Its first horse race meeting is reported in the Chronicle,
6 March 1869, page 7c.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

The silver wedding of Mr & Mrs William Eggers is reported in the Observer,
6 March 1875, page 18g.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gilberton

Nomenclature

This Adelaide suburb was created as Gilbert Town by Joseph Gilbert circa 1852, out of section 475, Hundred of Yatala.

General Notes

One of the oldest dairies in Adelaide is described in the Register, 5 November 1888, page 7b:

Here is situated one of the oldest dairies in South Australia, originally owned by Mr. Goodhardt, then by Mr. Westle; but for some time past the property of Mr. W.S. Halley... Four delivery carts are sufficient for the ordinary business...

Also see Adelaide - Public Health - Milk Supply.

Photographs of local villas are in the Chronicle,
4 June 1904, page 44.

A report on Australian Swimming championships and photographs are in the Observer,
20 and 27 January 1912, pages 20a-31.
"The Art of Swimming" is in the Register,
1 February 1917, page 7c.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Swimming and Bathing.

Information on a bathing reserve on the River Torrens is reported in the Register,
11 January 1911, page 6g (See Place Names - Torrens, River - Bathing)

A Swimming Club Patriotic Carnival is reported in the The Critic,
8 March 196, page 16,
7 March 1917, page 11 (photographs),
Register,
5 March 1917, page 5e-6f; also see
30 January 1922, page 5d,
29 January 1923, page 5d,
Advertiser,
19 February 1923, page 13e,
9 July 1926, page 8g,
13 January 1932, page 16g.

"Gilberton Swimming Club's Work" is in the Register,
12 January 1920, page 5f,
"Visit to War Memorial" on
4 April 1922, page 9h. Also see South Australia - World War I - Memorials to the Fallen
A general meeting of the club is reported upon in the Register,
29 September 1922, page 10f.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Swimming and Bathing.

Photographs are in the Observer,
16 January 1915, page 28,
10 and 24 February 1923, pages 30 and 28,
20 February 1926, page 32,
Chronicle,
11 March 1916, page 25,
10 March 1917, page 29,
4 February 1922, page 30,
5 April 1924, page 37,
6 and 20 February 1926, pages 37 and 38,
10 April 1930, page 37,
The Critic,
31 January 1923, page 11.
Biographical details of Don Looker are in the Register,
15 January 1926, page 3f.

Biographical details of Andrew Loutit are in the Observer,
2 June 1917, page 28b.

Biographical details of Mrs J.H. Kaines are in the Register,
19 January 1918, page 6f and
an obituary on
15 July 1918, page 5b.

Biographical details of Mrs Mary McTaggart are in the Register,
3 May 1919, page 7d,
of Charles Ekers on
10 December 1919, page 7a,
of Mrs J.H. Kaines on
19 January 1920, page 6h.

Information on the swing bridge is in the Register,
27 May 1922, page 12b,
13 June 1922, page 6d and
the swimming club on
29 September 1922, page 10e,
9 October 1928, page 11h,
Advertiser,
13 January 1932, page 16g,
14 March 1932, page 10b.
A photograph is in the Register,
20 March 1920, page 14.

Historical information on the district is in the Register,
6 August 1923, page 12:

On Park Terrace stood the SA Company's flour mill. Teamsters from Dry Creek and Salisbury used to put up at the hostelry that stood not far from the company's bridge. After this was closed the rendezvous was the Buckingham Arms, kept by a Mr. Johnson, and afterwards bought by Mr. F. Simpson - Simpson Street takes its name from this family... The sharp rise in what is now Hawker's Road was known as Freeling Hill...

Biographical details of W. Neate, W.H. Wadey, James Nottage and C.B. Powell are in the Register,
6 August 1923, page 12b.

Information on the Gilberton Scout Group is in The Mail,
13 October 1928, page 2g.
Also see Adelaide - Boy Scouts.

Gilberton - Obituaries

An obituary of F.T. Cornelius is in the Register,
2 March 1896, page 4h,
of David Sutherland on
18 September 1896, page 5f,
of Charles Drew on
5 October 1896, page 4g,
of G.R. Debney on
18 May 1897, page 5b,
of W.H. Selway on
13 November 1899, page 3g.

An obituary of George Laughton is in the Observer,
11 July 1908, page 40c,
of Thomas Masters on
16 January 1909, page 38b,
of W.B. Merchant on
10 December 1910, page 41a.

An obituary of Mrs J.W. Porter is in the Register,
13 July 1909, page 5a,
of Mrs Margaret Loutit on
11 March 1194, page 14a,
of W.J. Back on
18 September 1916, page 4f,
of Andrew Loutit on
28 May 1917, page 6f,
of John McLachlan on
5 December 1918, page 4g,
of Matthew Dale on
20 May 1919, page 4h,
of J.W. Jones on
27 April 1920, page 4h.

An obituary of Mrs Margaret Loutit is in the Observer,
14 March 1914, page 39a,
of James Nottage on
10 February 1917, page 22a,
of Edward Reedman on
24 February 1917, page 31e,
of Mrs Selma S. Hannaford on
30 September 1918, page 4g.

An obituary of Thomas Caterer is in the Register,
5 January 1917, page 7b,
of Frederick Halcomb, "the father of University rowing in SA", on
21 and 22 October 1919, pages 4h and 10d,
of P.V. Jervis on
22 July 1922, page 8g,
of Andrew Smith on
19 and 20 November 1924, pages 13b and 9c,
of K.L. Gellert on
23 May 1925, page 11c,
of Bertram H. Wilson on
25 January 1926, page 6h,
of W.F. DeRose on
1 September 1926, page 13c.

An obituary of J.W. Porter is in the Observer,
3 August 1918, page 19a,
of Mrs Selma S. Hannaford on
28 September 1918, page 19d,
of Matthew Dale on
24 May 1919, page 41e,
of Charles Ekers on
23 October 1920, page 34b,
of B.H. Wilson on
30 January 1926, page 37c,
of W.F. DeRose on
4 September 1926, page 38a.

An obituary of A.H.O. Keidel is in the Register,
24 March 1927, page 5f,
of Dr Edward Kinmont on
15 September 1927, page 18a.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Giles Corner

Nomenclature

On section 96, Hundred of Gilbert 8 km NNW of Tarlee is a reminder of Thomas Giles who once owned the land.

General Notes

George Anstey and Thomas Giles took up surrounding land under occupation licence in 1845 and named the property Marocara with Thomas Giles being the managing partner. Later, Mr Giles held the freehold of much of the land and sold out to James Kelly in 1878. See Ben Evans, From Weavers to Wapstraws, pages 102-3.

The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs James Kelly is reported in the Register,
18 November 1903, page 4h.
Mr Kelly's obituary is in the Register,
23 October 1905, page 4i,
Observer,
28 October 1905, page 38b.

A meeting to consider the erection of a place of worship is reported in the Register,
9 July 1866, page 2h; see
Chronicle,
1 February 1868, page 7a for the opening of the Wesleyan Chapel:

The Wesleyans at Anstey and Giles's Corner who for some time past have been holding Divine service in a private house, have felt the necessity for a new and more commodious place of worship, and intend erecting a chapel...

Information on the cricket club is in the Chronicle,
22 July 1882, page 22d.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Cricket - Miscellany.

The village is described in the Register,
10 November 1903, page 6c.

An obituary of Mrs Thomas Arthur is in the Observer,
18 August 1917, page 19c,
of Charles Dawson on
9 and 10 September 1927, pages 8h and 8h.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Giles Flat

In the Hundred of Kondoparinga. It is mentioned in the Register,
11 February 1858 (supp.) as being "west of Strathalbyn".

A school of this name was opened by Henry P. Ashton in 1863.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Giles, Hundred of

Nomenclature

It probably honoured William Giles, who was appointed manager of the South Australian Company in 1841. In 1851 he was returned as the member for Yatala and 'was instrumental in framing the new Constitution Act, by the passing of which universal suffrage and other benefits were conferred on society'.

General Notes

The obituary of William Giles (senior) is in the Register,
13 May 1862, page 2g
biographical details of Edward Giles in the Observer,
29 March 1902, page 50c,
an obituary of Hubert Giles on
12 August 1901, page 4i,
of Edward Giles on
3 July 1909, page 40a,
of Christopher Giles in the Observer,
8 December 1917, page 30d,
of Clement Giles in the Chronicle,
31 July 1926, page 58b,
Observer,
31 July 1926, page 8c,
7 August 1926, page 11d.

An obituary of Henry Giles is in the Register,
13 February 1888, page 5c,
of Thomas Giles on
20 and 21 February 1899, pages 4h and 6d.

Biographical details of Alfred Giles are in the Observer,
29 September 1928, page 34a.
Mr & Mrs Giles' golden wedding is reported in the Observer,
8 March 1930, page 50a.

The Register,
12 September 1921, page 3d,
Observer,
17 September 1921, page 14d has a report on "an interesting book" published for private circulation and written by a daughter of William Giles; also see
19 January 1924, page 48a.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gill Island

Off West Bay, Kangaroo Island;
named after a Conservator of Forests -
see Advertiser,
21 January 1910, page 6e.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gill, Lake

See the Register of 28 August 1858, page 3g for an account of an exploration in the Far North by Thomas and Walter Gill:

Thomas and Walter Gill were the first to explore, since Mr. Eyre's journey of discovery, the country north of Mount Serle.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gillen Village

Nomenclature

Also see Place Names - Markaranka.

Peter P. Gillen, MP (1889-1896). Born at Golden Grove on 7 July 1858 he was 'an active debater and land reformer'; although never a shearer he helped form the local branch of the Amalgamated Shearers' Union of Australasia:

In 1892 he was Minister of Crown Lands and Immigration and held the same portfolio in C.C. Kingston's ministry in the following year.

General Notes

Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Miscellany - Village Settlements.

This name was given to a school in 1895;
it closed in 1896.
Gillen East School opened in 1900 and closed circa 1923.

Information on the formation of the communal settlement is in the Express,
13 April 1894, page 2e,
17 May 1894, page 3c,
Register,
13, 14 and 27 April 1894, pages 3f, 7e and 3e,
8 May 1894, page 6c,
Advertiser,
26 April 1895, page 6d,
Register,
16 January 1896, page 5b,
14 December 1903, page 8a:

The application for 10,000 acres on behalf of the Gillen Village Settlement is part of the old Markaranka station, being pastoral lease 2137, situated between 20 and 30 miles by water from Morgan and 15 miles by road... During Thursday the members were busy packing up their baggage and this morning at 9.30 they left for Morgan by special train (a list of settlers follows)...

Register

Biographical information on Mr Gillen is in the Observer,
17 October 1891, page 33b.
For the events surrounding his untimely death see Register,
23, 24 and 25 September 1896, pages 4g-5a-5h, 6a and 5g and
Advertiser,
23 September 1896, page 4e.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gilles Flat

The Register of 11 February 1858 (supp.) places it as "east of Bull's Creek".

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gilles Plains

Nomenclature

Osmond Gilles, born in 1797, became the first Colonial Treasurer, a position he held for two years after which he retired into private life. He invested a large amount of capital in the colony and introduced Saxony and Merino sheep to South Australia.

General Notes

Mr Sudholz's Hay Farm is described in the Register,
17 November 1874, page 6b:

The district popularly known as Gilles Plains is almost entirely devoted to the growth of hay...In this locality is the property of Mr. J.W.A. Sudholz, the largest hay farm in South Australia...

An obituary of J.A.W. Sudholz is in the Register,
11 November 1903, page 5b,
Observer,
14 November 1903, page 21a:

Mr. Sudholz was born in Germany on 17 May 1821 and arrived at Port Adelaide in the Patel in 1846. In 1849 he married Miss Gehlke and settled at Gilles Plains where for years he was the most successful in the neighbourhood of Adelaide. He was the first to grow wheat for fodder, binding it in sheaves when green, and then cutting it into chaff.. He was one of the founders of the Flinders Street Lutheran Church; in fact its erection was due mainly to his efforts and liberality...

Photographs of and information on his chaff mill are in the Observer,
3 March 1906, page 29.

The school opened in 1901 and became "Hillcrest" in 1953; see Register,
14 August 1908, page 4f.
Its first Arbor Day is reported in the Register,
13 June 1910, page 3d;
An Arbor Day is reported in the Register,
13 June 1910, page 3d.
Also see South Australia - Education - Arbor Days.
photographs are in the Observer,
17 June 1911, page 29-52b.

"Tragedy at Gilles Plains" is in the Chronicle,
6 February 1909,
"Murder at Gilles Plains" in the Express,
23 December 1912, page 4h.

The destruction of the Windsor Hotel by fire is reported in the Express,
2 February 1911, page 1h.

Pitman brothers market garden is reported upon in the Register,
28 September 1926, page 7d.
Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Fruit and Vegetables.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gillman

Nomenclature

A subdivision of section 1137, Hundred of Port Adelaide named after a former General Traffic Manager of the South Australian Railways when Rosewater Extension Limited laid it out in 1950.

General Notes

Biographical details of Mr Gillman are in the Advertiser,
25 January 1933, page 15c,
Observer, 25 July 1925, page 44e.
An obituary of Thomas S. Gillman is in the Register,
31 March 1916, page 4g,
of Sherlock Gillman on
12 February 1925, page 10e.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Gladstone

Nomenclature

It originally comprised of two townships. The private town lying east of the railway line was laid out by Matthew Moorhouse on part section 31 in October 1872, while west of the line the Government town was proclaimed as 'Booyoolie' on 4 March 1875. In 1940 the name of 'Gladstone' was officially adopted so as to be uniform with the name of the railway station and private town. The name honours the William Ewart Gladstone (1809-1898), Prime Minister of England:

General Notes

Its school opened in 1874 and information on education in the district is in the Observer,
24 February 1877, page 11a,
Register,
7 June 1877, page 5b; also see
Parliamentary Paper 134/1877;
examinations are reported in the Chronicle,
30 October 1880, page 24a.

A meeting of district school teachers is reported in the Register,
6 August 1885, page 4h,
Observer,
6 August 1927, page 39a.

The opening of a new school is reported in the Advertiser,
27 July 1929, page 20f.
The laying of the foundation stone of the High School is reported in the Register,
2 October 1913, page 9f.
Photographs of students are in the Observer,
15 June 1907, page 31,
of students of the High and Primary schools and St Joseph's in the Chronicle,
29 June 1933, page 32.

A Public Schools' Exhibition is reported in the Advertiser,
14 October 1886, page 3e.

A history of the town and photographs are in the Observer,
15 June 1907, page 31,
Chronicle,
27 October 1932, pages 31 and 42.
The town is described in the Chronicle,
14 December 1872, page 7b,
Observer,
12 September 1874, page 9e,
Advertiser,
30 November 1874, page 2g,
Chronicle,
28 August 1875, page 12c.
Register,
3 November 1875, page 6a,
Advertiser,
7 December 1876, page 5d,
Register,
26 January 1877, page 7a,
Observer,
3 February 1877, page 19,
Register,
21 February 1878, page 6c-f,
Parliamentary Paper 67/1888;
an editorial on its location is in the Advertiser,
4 May 1878, page 4g.

Also see Register,
18 May 1889, page 6d,
24 March 1899, page 6b,
20 August 1904, page 10a,
16 February 1905, page 5i,
Observer,
15 June 1907, page 16a (includes photos),
2 May 1908 (photos),
Register,
27 January 1910, page 6g,
31 August 1926, page 7,
3 August 1927, page 10a.
Photographs are in the Chronicle,
23 March 1933, page 32.

"The Telegraph to Gladstone" is in the Observer,
12 June 1875, page 8d.
Also see South Australia - Communications - Telegraphic.

A proposed local court and police station are discussed in the Observer,
31 July 1875, page 9g; also see
Chronicle,
6 December 1879, page 2c (supp.).
Also see South Australia - Crime, Law and Punishment - Law - Local courts.

The laying of the foundation stone of the Bible Christian Chapel is reported in the Chronicle,
23 October 1875, page 21b.

The town was flooded in 1877 - see Register,
19 February, page 5e,
Chronicle,
31 March 1877, page 6d; also see
Chronicle,
Observer,
5 March 1901, page 1b (supp.),
27 February 1904, page 34a,
30 April 1904, page 32a,
29 October 1904, page 38,
Register,
5 September 1910, page 5d.
Photographs are in the Chronicle,
17 September 1910, page 29.
Also see South Australia - Natural Disasters - Floods.

The opening of the railway to Port Pirie is reported in the Register,
7 December 1876, page 5g; also see
8 and 9 December 1876, pages 5c-g and 5b and
to Canowie on
19 January 1878, page 6.
The railway route to Jamestown is described in the Observer,
19 January 1878, page 6f.
Information on a water supply for the railway station is in the Observer,
9 April 1881, page 631c.
A photograph of the railway station is in the Chronicle,
12 October 1907, page 31.
The opening of a broad gauge railway is reported in the Register,
1, 2 and 3 August 1927, pages 9d, 9a and 10a.
Also see South Australia - Transport - Railways - Miscellany.

Information on the water supply is in the Observer,
24 March 1877, page 11g.
Concern at the local water supply to meet the needs of the railway is expressed in the Register,
4 April 1881, page 5a,
Chronicle,
8 April 1882, page 22g and
for the town in the Register,
16 May 1927, page 9e; also see
Advertiser,
7 April 1882, page 6a,
17 May 1884, page 7c.
Also see South Australia - Water Conservation.

A proposed corporation is discussed in the Register,
16 August 1877, page 5a,
Chronicle,
18 August 1877, page 11b.
6 July 1878, page 9a,
15 July 1882, page 6e,
Observer,
15 July 1882, page 33c.
A photograph of members of the council is in the Chronicle,
12 October 1907, page 31.
A history of the Booyoolie Council is in the Observer,
7 March 1925, page 19.
Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Local Government.

A trip from "Gladstone to Coomooroo and Back" is reported in the Advertiser,
12 October 1877, page 6f.

The second annual horse race meeting is reported in the Register,
7 January 1878, page 7b.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

The opening of the Institute is reported in the Register,
15 June 1878 (supp.), page 1d.

"My Trip to Adelaide" from Gladstone is described in the Observer,
26 July 1879, page 19b,
2 August 1879, page 18f,
Register,
18, 29 and 30 July 1879, pages 5e, 5e and 6g.

Information on the gaol is in the Chronicle,
30 August 1879, page 4a (supp.),
Register,
31 May 1880 (supp.), page 2b.
24 March 1886, page 3f.
"Ingenious Escape of a Prisoner" is in the Observer,
22 October 1887, page 33a.

"Gladstone Gaol Trouble" is reported on
31 January 1921, page 7c,
2 February 1921, page 9b; also see
Advertiser,
12 April 1923, page 15g.
"Women Inebriates at Gladstone" is in The Mail,
3 February 1923, page 18d; also see
Register,
15 November 1924, page 11f,
Observer,
4 September 1926, page 11a.

Police and court accommodation is discussed in the Chronicle,
6 December 1879, page 2c (supp.).
Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Local Government.

A football club meeting is reported in the Observer,
1 May 1880, page 718d.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Football.

"A Goldfield for Gladstone" is in the Chronicle,
16 April 1881, page 22d.
Also see South Australia - Mining - Gold.

The planting of trees in the town is reported in the Register,
22 June 1882, page 6b.
Also see South Australia - Education - Arbor Days.

"The Gladstone Corporation Difficulties" is in the Advertiser,
14 January 1885, page 5f:

The Gladstone corporation has for some time past made itself notorious by the performance of various questionable acts, besides endeavouring to harass the ratepayers and inflicting upon them penalties which the residents in no other municipality would put up with. If a poor widow sells half a pint of milk, or makes a pound of butter, she is pounced on by a zealous officer and has to pay ten shillings for a yearly licence. A private residence cannot light a fire in any other place than the one set apart by the builder of his house, or he is hauled before the town clerk and this officer takes action immediately. Much of the persecution has been unwarrantable... It is rumoured that the councillors intend resigning on Wednesday next.

Information on the Areas Aerated Water Company is in the Register,
1 September 1882, page 6f.

"Fire at Gladstone" is in the Register,
22 and 28 January 1886, pages 5g and 5b.
"Gladstone Fires - Water Supply Poor" is in the Register,
16, 18 and 19 May 1927, pages 9e, 11f and 9c,
25 May 1927, page 10e.
Also see South Australia - Water Conservation.

Information on St Alban's Church is in the Observer,
18 April 1891, page 29a.

A rifle match is reported in the Observer,
2 January 1892, page 21a.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Rifle Shooting.

"The Gladstone and Laura Vineyards" is in the Register,
23 December 1892, page 7h.
Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Viticulture.

"Experimental Block at Gladstone" is in the Chronicle,
3 June 1893, page 12f.

A military camp is reported upon in the Observer,
24 and 31 March 1894, pages 32b and 13c.
Also see South Australia - Defence of the Colony.

A coursing event is reported in the Chronicle,
10 August 1895, page 14g (See South Australia - Sport - Coursing) and
a cycling sports day on
1 January 1898, page 16a.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Cycling.

Biographical details of a Mayor, William Hancock, are in the Observer,
21 May 1898, page 16a.

"An Important Centre" is in the Observer,
6 April 1899, page 41c.

"Around Laura and Gladstone" is in the Advertiser,
25 August 1908, page 8c.

A photograph of the laying of the foundation stone of the St Alban's Church Parish Hall is in the Chronicle,
8 August 1908, page 29.
The jubilee of the Gladstone Methodist Church is reported in the Advertiser,
10 September 1926, page 11e,
Register,
22 September 1926, page 5e.

The unveiling of a portrait of W.E. Gladstone is reported in the Advertiser,
31 July 1909, page 11f.

A photograph of an early settler, David Thomson, is in the Observer,
7 June 1913, page 31.

Biographical details of a Mayor, Henry Crabb, are in the Register,
28 November 1895, page 6h,
of Mrs M.A. Coe on
10 and 14 January 1911, pages 13b and 13a,
18 January 1913, page 12i,
of J.F. Pearce on
19 January 1911, page 8g,
of F.C. Grubb in the Observer,
9 December 1916, page 47e,
of S. Winkler on
28 April 1928, page 34d,
of James Besford on
9 June 1928, page 6a.

Biographical details of John Eley are in the Register,
4 December 1914, page 4f,
of F.C. Grubb on
4 December 1916, page 8.

"A Real Church Builder [Rev John Tiller]" is in the Register,
24 February 1921, page 6e,
Observer,
26 February 1921, page 28e.

Information on the Home for Inebriates is in the Register,
7 and 8 November 1922, pages 6h and 10e.
Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Temperance and Allied Matters - Alcoholism and Drunkenness.

A photograph of the opening of a war memorial hall is in the Chronicle,
19 May 1923, page 32.
A photograph of a memorial fountain is in the Observer,
7 February 1925, page 31.
Also see South Australia - World War I - Memorials to the Fallen.

A photogrpah of business premises destroyed by fire is in the Chronicle
26 March 1927, page 40; also see
28 May 1927, page 53a.

Biographical details of Mr & Mrs Nicholas Browne are in the Register,
20 April 1926, page 13b,
of John Growden on
20 April 1926, page 13b,
of A.A. Holland on
22 July 1926, page 12a,
of R.H. Sampson on
24 May 1928, page 14f,
of A.H. Tull on
9 July 1928, page 8g.

"Sunday [Golf] at Gladstone" is in the Register, 29 July 1926, page 7e:

A meeting of the golf club was held to consider the question of Sunday golf,... The issue was raised by Rev G.W. Kendrew... All shades of religious opinion were represented in the club and therefore they could not as a body prohibit Sunday play... Also see South Australia - Religion - Breaking the Sabbath.

"Gladstone's Historic Day" is in the Observer,
6 August 1927, page 38.

Information on Captain R.H. Simpson, "A Gladstone Pioneer" is in the Advertiser,
24 May 1928, page 7c.

Information on the Girl Guides is in the Observer,
6 August 1927, page 7a.
Also see Adelaide - Girl Guides.

Information on A.A. Holland is in the Observer,
19 May 1928, page 34c,
on Captain R.H. Simpson (Sampson?),
"A Pioneer", in the Advertiser,
24 May 1928, page 7c,
Observer,
26 May 1928, page 43e.

Jubilee celebrations are reported in the Advertiser,
13 February 1933, page 11b,
14 March 1933, page 8g.

A photograph of a football team is in the Observer,
7 June 1913, page 32,
of four generations of the Lines family on
20 September 1913
(an obituary of Mrs Lines appears on
11 October 1913, page 41a),
of the flooding of the road to Canowie in the Chronicle,
14 December 1933, page 34.

Gladstone - Obituaries

An obituary of W.T. Cowan is in the Register,
11 May 1882, page 2b (supp.),
of James Cobb on
6 December 1894, page 6g.

An obituary of Rev T.W. Harding is in the Observer,
4 November 1893, page 14e,
of John Brayley on
23 December 1905, page 38a,
of Thomas Forth on
1 December 1906, page 38c,
of James Shepherd on
30 March 1912, page 39b,
of Dr Henry Comyn on
19 July 1913, page 41b,
of Mrs M.A. Coe on
16 January 1915, page 42d,
of H.W. Hughes on
4 November 1916, page 14b,
of David Thomson on
25 June 1921, page 21b,
of E.A. Gale on
7 November 1925, page 44a.

An obituary of Conrad S. Wornum is in the Register,
20 March 1902, page 5a,
of John J. Bonnin on
1 and 2 August 1905, pages 4h-6c and 4g,
of John Brayley on
19 December 1905, page 7b,
of Mrs John Higgins on
22 May 1911, page 6h,
of James Gladstone on
22 March 1912, page 6h,
of Mrs Lines on
4 October 1913, page 16a,
of Thomas Bowen on
5 October 1918, page 6h,
of Mrs J. Dixon on
14 August 1920, page 8c,
of David Thomson on
21 June 1921, page 8h.

An obituary of N.W. Bennett is in the Register,
2 May 1924, page 8g,
of John Murphy on
14 June 1924, page 8h,
of James Fergusson on
19 August 1924, page 8g,
of James F. Pearce on
26 March 1925, page 13c,
of J.A. Oehlmann on
2 June 1925, page 8h,
of John Brown on
17 June 1925, page 12g,
of Mrs Mary E. Reichstein on
28 October 1925, page 15c.

An obituary of Charles F. Schmidt, hotelier, is in the Register,
21 May 1926, page 8h,
of Frederick Leverington on
18 June 1926, page 10d,
of Mrs H.W. Bennett on
13 July 1926, page 8h,
of James Stephens on
13 August 1926, page 13g,
of Mrs Rose Growden on
26 August 1927, page 8h,
of John Growden on
1 September 1927, page 10d,
of George Howard on
10 November 1927, page 12e.

An obituary of W. Kyloh is in the Register,
4 January 1928, page 8g,
of P. Landers on
17 May 1928, page 11g.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Glandore

Nomenclature

The name comes from County Cork, Ireland and was given to a subdivision of section 53 Hundred of Adelaide by John Lewis, Joseph H. Morgan, Benjamin Morgan, John O'Dea, William L. Cumming and Mary Fox in 1883. The O'Dea family arrived in the Birman in 1840 from Ireland. The Irish town:

General Notes

An obituary of Robert Hunt is in the Observer,
2 September 1922, page 20a,
of William Partington on
21 January 1928, page 49b.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
G
Place Names

Glanville

Nomenclature

John Hart was born in Devonshire in 1809 and at an early age went to sea; in 1835 he established a whaling station at Encounter Bay. After the colony was founded in 1836 he engaged in coastal and inter-colonial trade, retiring from the sea in 1845 following his marriage to Margaret Todd in Dublin, Ireland. Returning to South Australia in 1856 he built a home on land he owned on Lefevre Peninsula which he called 'Glanville Hall', after his mother, whose maiden name was Mary Glanville.

General Notes

Captain Hart's movements in 1837 are recounted in the Register,
18 May 1923, page 12h; also see
Express,
29 January 1873, page 2b,
Register,
2 July 1918, page 4f.

A farewell banquet to Captain Hart is reported in the Observer,
31 March 1866, page 3b.
A daughter's wedding is reported in the Observer,
17 October 1868, page 12b.

A horse race meeting is reported in the Register,
27 December 1856, page 2g.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

The Register of 20 August 1868 at page 2g talks of "The Battle of Glanville" where, at a public meeting, a protest was made against "an attempt surreptitiously made by hole-and-corner process to annex certain parts of the Peninsula to the District of Glanville."

A pigeon shooting match at Glanville Hall is reported in the Register,
24 March 1869, page 2g. Also see South Australia - Sport - Pigeon Racing and Shooting.
The sale of the hall is reported in the Register,
6 August 1925, page 5c.

A meeting called to discuss the need to widen the retaining walls in Hawker's Creek is reported in the Observer,
2 and 9 September 1871, pages 8d and 7f.
Also see Place Names - Hawker Creek.

The Register of 6 February 1872, page 5c says:

... What had been a swamp at high water spring tides was reclaimed by embankments, and is now a cottage township... Its school opened in 1873 and became "Ethelton" in 1919; see Register,
3 December 1892, page 5b,
24 May 1893, page 3f,
Express,
24 January 1893, page 2b,
Register,
23 October 1909, page 12f.

The village is described in the Register,
3 April 1873, page 6e.

"Landing Place at Glanville" is in the Observer,
24 January 1874, page 5f.

A testimonial to John Deslands is in the Express,
17 October 1874, page 2d.

The opening of the Sinclair Wharf at Glanville is reported in the Register,
1 July 1875, page 7c.

A proposed rifle association is discussed in the Chronicle,
23 September 1876, page 17d.
Also see South Australia - Sport - Rifle Shooting.

A fire in the village is reported in the Observer,
16 December 1876, page 7c.
"Fire at Glanville" is in the Register,
24 March 1883, page 6c.
Also see Adelaide - Fires and the Fire Brigade.

Information on the formation of Hart Street is in the Register,
8 and 16 August 1877, pages 5a and 6f.

The laying of the foundation stone of the Bible Christian Church is reported in the Observer,
7 September 1878, page 23d -
for information on its opening services see Register,
8 and 14 January 1879, pages 5c and 5b.
A history of the Methodist Church appears on
23 August 1924, page 4.

A proposed district hall is reported in the Register,
18 January 1879, page 4g,
22 February 1879, page 5a.

"An Extraordinary Story" in "the field of romance" is in the Observer,
9 August 1879, page 3e.

A church parade at the fort is reported in the Register,
7 February 1881, page 5c.

"An Extraordinary Story [of Adelaide Froude]" is in the Register,
6 August 1879, page 7c.

Prostitution is discussed in the Register,
12 June 1884, page 4g:

The necessity for police interference with the keepers of houses of ill-fame is becoming more and more apparent and the attention of the Supreme Court was occupied by the case against a middle-aged woman and two girls under twenty who had been keeping a brothel at Glanville. For five years past the people of the neighbourhood have been subjected to the annoyance of bad characters congregating about their doors, using filthy language and sometimes making their way into decent houses by mistake...

"Disgraceful Immorality at Glanville" is in the Express,
17 November 1885, page 3d.
A report of a court case concerning a "disorderly house" in Elizabeth Street is in the Register,
17 November 1885, page 5c.
Also see Adelaide - Prostitution.

Agitation for a second bridge over the Port River "near the old meat works" is reported in the Register,
10 February 1881, page 4f; also see
22 October 1881, page 5b.
Also see Port Adelaide - Bridges.

A meeting called with a view to forming a cooperative society on LeFevre Peninsula is reported in the Register,
21 August 1882, page 6g; also see
13 September 1882, page 5c.

Information on the railway station is in the Register,
25 August 1883, page 5a,
5 September 1883, page 5a.

"The Railway System at Glanville" is in the Register,
10 September 1903, page 6c;
information on a train which plied to and from Birkenhead "Through Seventy Years" is in The Mail,
14 February 1925, page 1f.
A photograph of a railway accident is in the Chronicle,
13 August 1910, page 32.
"The Railway System at Glanville" is in the Register,
10 September 1903, page 6i.
Information on a train which plied to and from Birkenhead "Through Seventy Years" is in The Mail,
14 February 1925, page 1f.
Also see Adelaide - Transport - Railways.

The government dockyard is described in the Register,
31 December 1883, page 7d; also see
The News,
13 August 1923, page 5b and Port Adelaide - Ships and Shippin.

A new banner for the boilermakers' Union was displayed at Grimes' Thornton Hotel and a description of it is in the Register,
12 August 1884, page 5d.

A Roman Catholic picnic is reported in the Register,
30 December 1884, page 6h.

An instance of destitution in the village is reported in the Register,
17 April 1886, page 3f; also see
17 July 1893, page 7c under "Among the Deserving Poor".

"The Unemployed of Glanville" is in the Register,
20 April 1886, page 7d.

Tenders for filling-up Glanville Reserve are in the Register,
19 June 1886, page 5c.
Reclamation work is discussed in the Register,
8 June 1893, page 7h,
17 July 1893, page 5b.

An outbreak of typhoid fever is reported in the Register,
28 January 1887, page 5c; also see
18 May 1887, page 5b.
Also see South Australia - Health - Fevers - Typhoid.

A farewell to John Deslandes is reported in the Express,
27 January 1888, page 2c.

The effects of a high tide are described in the Register,
16 and 17 May 1888, pages 6b and 6d.

A sports day is reported in the Chronicle,
12 December 1891, page 15f.

The sugar refinery is described in the Register,
26 October 1891, page 6h and
16 January 1892, page 6g,
Observer,
31 October 1891, page 5e,
7 November 1891, page 30d.

Information on the pipe works is in the Register,
19 March 1903, page 6d; also see
31 October 1903, page 9b,
Chronicle,
4 May 1907, page 42b,
Register,
25 May 1912, page 8e,
Register,
2 June 1928, page 8e.
An obituary of J.M. Sara is in the Register,
30 November 1928, page 14d.

A proposed creche is discussed in the Register,
17 September 1892, page 5b; also see
4 November 1892, page 6f.

The laying of the foundation stone of the Bower cottages is reported in the Observer,
26 June 1897, page 11a.
Information on Bower Cottages is in the Express,
27 January 1898, page 4b.
Biographical details of Mr Bower are in the Observer,
11 December 1897, page 16a.
Also see Adelaide - Housing, Architecture and Ancillary Matters - Cottage Homes.

Information on the "Ways and Means" factory is in the Observer,
14 March 1903, page 34e.
"How Pipes are Made" is in the Register,
19 March 1903, page 6d; also see
30 September 1903, page 4f.

"A Startling Street Disturbance" is in the Register,
23 February 1905, page 4g.

A surprise raid by the police on a two-up school is reported in the Express,
19 October 1910, page 1g.
Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Gambling - Miscellany.

"Alleged Unregistered Barmaids" is in the Register,
3 November 1910, page 9g,
11 January 1911, page 3f,
16 February 1911, page 5h.
Information on an hotel in Hart Street is in the Express,
13 December 1910, page 4c,
Register,
14 and 22 December 1910, pages 3f and 9a.
Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Temperance and Allied Matters - Barmaids.

"Tragedy at Glanville - Double Murder and Suicide" is in the Express,
30 December 1910, page 1.

The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs J.H. Martiensen is in the Register,
4 July 1916, page 4i.

Biographical details of Mrs Mary A. Bonham are in the Register,
14 January 1919, page 4f.

A photograph of the unveiling of a war memorial is in the Chronicle,
25 October 1919, page 27.
"A Neglected Memorial" is in the Register,
28 April 1922, page 6e.
Also see South Australia - World War I - Memorials to the Fallen.

The diamond wedding of Mr & Mrs William Morgan is reported in the Register,
9 April 1919, page 6h.

"Glanville Hall for Sale" is in The News,
5 August 1925, page 8c.

"Colonial Sugar Refinery Ablaze" is in the Register,
25 and 26 February 1926, pages 9a and 10a.

Biographical details of John Deslandes and family are in the Register,
13 and 18 October 1926, pages 11h and 6h.

A proposed reopening of the pipe works on 2 and 5 June 1928, pages 8e and 8h.

A photograph of a water-colour of the "Old Glanville Bridge" is in The News,
25 October 1932, page 6f.

Glanville - Obituaries

An obituary of Abraham Prideaux is in the Register,
17 August 1875, page 5d.

An obituary of W. Grimes is in the Register,
12 June 1890, page 5a,
of Rev J.L. Davies on
4 July 1896, page 5b,
of Captain James Gordon on
5 December 1896, page 5f,
of Captain J. Leask on
25 January 1898, page 4i,
of Mrs Frances Collins on
2 June 1899, page 5c.

An obituary of H. Mason is in the Observer,
29 August 1896, page 28a,
of Charles McLachlan on
16 October 1897, page 13d,
of James Vannan on
24 January 1903, page 33e,
of Mrs Susan Tait on
20 July 1912, page 41b,
of Samuel C. Coe on
3 July 1915, page 46a,
of Joseph Hains on
19 February 1916, page 41b.

An obituary of Mrs Frances Collins is in the Observer,
10 June 1899, page 15d,
of W.H. Heywood on
7 September 1901, page 28b,
of William Powell, mason, on
27 December 1913, page 41a,
of Mrs Hannah Hains on
15 July 1916, page 33b,
of Andrew Siffoli on
2 July 1921, page 37a,
of Henry Mills on
15 September 1928, page 34c.

An obituary of Robert Turnbull is in the Register,
18 August 1900, page 7b,
of W.H. Heywood on
3 September 1901, page 4i,
of John Campbell on
4 July 1902, page 5d,
of James Vennan on
21 January 1903, page 4i,
of Captain J.H. Johnson on
24 August 1904, page 4g,
of Daniel Dixon, mariner, on
1 September 1904, page 4i,
of Richard Ripley on
18 May 1905, page 4g,
of Robert Baker on
17 April 1916, page 4h,
of Mrs Hannah Hains on
13 July 1916, page 4h,
of Captain John Littely on
31 January 1917, page 4g.

An obituary of Mrs Susan Tait is in the Register,
15 July 1912, page 6h,
of Mrs Mary F. Turnbull on
14 December 1912, page 15e,
of Mrs Mary A. Murray on
16 December 1912, page 6i,
of Captain Alexander Inglis on
3 May 1921, page 4g,
of James Hayter on
17 January 1924, page 6g,
of Mrs Mary A Phillips on
21 August 1926, page 9b,
of Edwin B. Green on
9 November 1927, page 19g.

An obituary of Hans Olsen is in the Register,
9 August 1928, page 11c.

Glanville - The Fort

Also see South Australia - Defence of the Colony.

(Taken from an unpublished manuscript by Geoffrey H. Manning, The Russians are Coming)

A History of Fort Glanville

The way the fort is at the present a warship sighting it... would silence it at once... They have cut away their very best defensive work and made an actual and conspicuous target for a warship.

The construction of Fort Glanville was undertaken by Mr J. Robb at a cost of about £9,000 and work commenced in October 1878. A railway was laid down to join the Semaphore line with the site of the works and used for the purpose of carrying the greater part of the required materials, all of which, excepting only the lime, was conveyed to the scene of the operation, while water was laid on from Semaphore. By March of 1879 about 450,000 Victorian bricks lay on the sandhills near the temporary railway, besides a large quantity of stone and gravel intended to be used in the manufacture of concrete.

The sand used was brought from the River Torrens and the lime from Gawler, while two on-site running mortar mills were employed for the purpose of grinding the lime and making concrete and mortar. The foundations were of concrete, while a ditch in front of the escarpment was 15 feet wide at the bottom, sloping up on both sides. An underground passage, 20 feet wide, afforded means of communication with the caponier (covered passage) and a similar approach was provided for the magazine, the entrance to each passage being inside the walls of the fort. The laboratory, where carriages were manufactured, was placed at the southern corner of the fort. About 50 men were employed on the site during the construction period, while the works occupied an area of ground measuring 300 by 299 feet..

One serious difficulty to be contended with was the sand drift and everyone acquainted with the coastline was able to appreciate how troublesome it could become. This was overcome by following a suggestion from Dr Schomburgk, Director of the Botanic Gardens. The drift was covered with seaweed under which seeds and cuttings were planted from plants indigenous to the area. This scheme had already been tried at Glenelg where a fine reserve was made out of a formerly shifting sandhill. The shape of the fort was that of a segment of a circle, the guns forming the sector and a low-lying building forming the base. In this building resided the Master Gunner, Sergeant-Major Hanson, and his assistant-foreman, Mr Lawley, whose business was to look after the fort.

The opening ceremony took place on Saturday, 2 October 1880, although the fort had been ready some three weeks before; the delay being on account of a difficulty attending the mooring of a target in the form of a quarter-cask, with a flag attached. The practice firing was carried out by four guns, while the target was some 3,500 yards distant. The shells were brought from the magazine hard by and put on a truck which ran on rails to a position beneath the muzzle of the cannon as it ran back on its platform to a position, bringing the gun's muzzle inside the parapet. A small derrick was used to lift the ponderous projectiles into the mouth for ramming home. The great guns worked relentlessly, recoiling back on their platforms and being well checked by three hydraulic buffers at each explosion and then running easily up again under the power of the artillerymen.

Mr A.T. Saunders, an eye-witness to the opening ceremony, and a long time resident of the district, reflected in 1919:

sic

When Fort Glanville was first built there was at the front and sides an elaborate ditch protected by a caponiere [sic]; but the back of the fort was open (a loop-holed stockade of wood was put up after) and from the adjacent high sandhills the guns, which were on a barbette, were exposed to attack by riflemen. A friend of mine (a German, who had served through the Franco-Prussian war) caustically said: ?This fort should have a notice board saying that it must not be attacked in the rear.? The two original 64-pounders from Fort Glanville are now in Brougham Place park.

At subsequent shooting exercises much amusement was afforded by the behaviour of a ?regimental dog?, owned by Mr Turner, Special Magistrate. It took an extraordinary interest in the fort and whenever it saw the men marching to it, he started off to the scene of the operations, went in and, after carefully watched the loading, ran outside to watch the shot, generally stationing himself almost in the line of fire. He watched the course of the ball with as much interest as the men and as soon as a shell exploded rushed around into the fort to superintend the next loading. He was an immense favourite with officers and men.

The defence authorities, ever anxious to oversee and control its new installations, sent out regular inspection parties and, in 1882, Sergeant Astles led one that traversed the recent fortifications along the seaboard and reported as follows:

There are 13 of them at present; one young man is a Majuba Hill hero and was with General Kitchener in the memorable march from Kandahar to Cabul [sic]... A steady young soldier who has seen active service is an acquisition in a garrison of greenhorns, because he carries a certain amount of prestige, and can keep up the enthusiasm of the men by tales of ?moving incidents by flood and field?, besides showing the example of discipline and drill. After a look around the fort. which is kept in beautiful order by Master Gunner Hanson, the party took to the perilous passage of the road again... Reached the first gun emplacement not far from the fort. This consists of a breastwork of sand bricks with a kind of concrete platform and a gun track leading thereto.

By the way, round the region of Fort Glanville the commandant has had planted a quantity of cacti, prickly pears and other hardy plants, to bind the sand as well as act as an obstruction to an assaulting party. We did not traverse the whole length of the military road because some of it passes through private property and wire fences prevent traffic. These can be removed when the road is needed, but at present serve to keep unnecessary traffic off the road and protect it. Landward of the military road there is excellent cover for infantry and the sandhills, which for several miles nearer Glenelg run in a double line, form fine defences, for they could be lined with sharpshooters, if only we had sufficient, who ought to be able to do great execution...

The next gun emplacement was near the Grange... We came across an encampment of Afghans looking very wild and picturesque, in the desolate swamp, with a tangled growth of scrub for a background... The next voluntary stoppage was at Henley Beach where a third platform is situated, but it would require a keen eye to detect it, for the line of sand ridge seems unbroken from seaward and the narrow gun track affords only a slight clue... Number 5 has a range nearer Glenelg and a particularly substantial bridge built across the Patawalonga gives communication with the road. Here the larrikins have left more of their mischievous propensities, several of the stones forming the breastwork having been wantonly pulled down. No. 6, nearer Glenelg, has a good range, north and west, but southward is stopped by the Baths, therefore it will be necessary to have another emplacement the other side of the town...

The day to day to day duties of the men were not onerous but, it must be said, appeared to be more than monotonous. There was an early parade at 7.15 am when the men ?performed? setting-up drill for half an hour. Then there was drill again from 9 to 11, consisting of gun, carbine, sword and repository drill, shifting guns and a variety of other work ?tending to call forth the quality of smartness.? In the afternoon there was a further instalment of drill, elementary exercises, etc., while spare time was filled up with study for annual examinations; there was school, twice a week, while Saturday mornings were devoted to general cleaning up.

The fort was open to visitors on Sundays and the officers in charge were only too happy to show them and their friends through, explaining the various departments. On 23 October 1887 a serious accident occurred when Sergeant-Major Slane, one of the principal officers of the fort, was taking five male civilians through Fort Glanville. He was with them in the artillery room, situated beneath the ?ordinary? ground, adjoining a kitchen. In the store were shelves and a counter upon which were lodged ammunition, magazine lamps and candles, primers and small gear belonging to the artillery service. The Sergeant-Major was showing the visitors a friction tube which was a hollow tube of copper with meal powder, pierced with a conical hole, and ?carrying the flash.? The top was supplied with a detonating substance and a friction bar was attached. The Sergeant-Major placed his foot on the tube, pulled it and by some means, when an explosion occurred and the flash from the tube ignited some sections of the fuses, etc., lying nearby.

The Sergeant-Major staggered through the kitchen and headed for the ground above, his clothes all ablaze, when another officer got hold of him, put him in an adjoining wash house, and drenched him with water. Many of the visitors were also burning and they were got through the windows as soon as possible; while this was in progress the skin of their hands was dragged off. There was no time to lose and a chain of men with buckets of water was formed from barrack square to the store below. A large number of magazine candles were burning furiously and fuses alight. The fire was at last extinguished and the scene presented afterwards was a total wreckage of almost everything, except the walls.

One man from the fort rode hastily up to Mr Ward's chemist shop at Semaphore ?without a hat!? and ?eagerly asked for a doctor or a chemist.? Finding no one there he rode on to Port Adelaide intimating to a few bystanders that there had been an explosion at the fort. The news spread and rumours gained currency. The messenger reached Dr Toll, who at once proceeded to the fort where he treated the men who were suffering from burns about the face, neck, hands and arms. Apart from the Sergeant-Major the other victims were, J. Turner, butcher, of Exeter; J.G. Stevenson of Angaston; T. Heddle, landlord of the Lord Exmouth Hotel; J. Irvine of Truro and J. Kurbines of Kapunda.

In 1885, when the Volunteer Military Force was denied the satisfaction of 'sweltering under a Soudan sun and showing El Mahdi what they were made of?, Major-General Downes, their commandant, determined to give them a stiff night's work over a waste of sand well calculated to test their powers and patience. A more dismal, sandy waste, with swamp to vary it, than the stretch of district between Grange and Semaphore could hardly be found here for fighting over. It was ground broken into sand ridges, hollows, occasional levels, a winding creek, a ford or two and a bridge, with here and there clumps of trees affording excellent cover for skirmishers, besides being bounded by a high range of sand hills barring it from the sea beach. Altogether it afforded plenty of scope for the exercise of intelligence and judgment, not to say endurance on the part of the commanding officers as well as the men they directed.

Another facet of this exercise was an assault against the fort itself. On reaching Glanville the attacking force was observed and the guns of the fort were opened upon them. They were then marching in columns of fours, and if a shell had fallen amongst them there would have been some serious casualties to report. On the land side of the fort there was an open plain and Major-General Downes extended his men in a semi-circle across this preparatory to the attack. M Company, under Captain Stutley, was ordered to creep through the trees to the right. From the loopholes and ramparts of the fort a heavy fire was poured into the ranks of the men and in actual warfare, had they attempted any such exploit as this without artillery, all must have been annihilated.

They advanced, lay down and opened fire, but against the thick walls of the fort the bullets from their rifles crushed harmlessly against the ramparts.. The cavalry had got under the wall of the fort without being seen and pressed the attack on that side. The scene was a ?grand and a picturesque one?, and unattended as it was by the horrors of warfare, it would have raised the enthusiasm of any Quaker able to appreciate spectacular effects. It was impossible with such a force to capture the stronghold and, beaten off, the commanding officer caused his men to cease firing and brought the proceedings of the day to a close. The men were admitted to the fort, water supplied to them and they were refreshed. Later, the march home commenced.

Portion of the land between Grange and Semaphore South, known as ?The Pinery? was the site of stirring clashes between rival defence forces in training exercises aimed at repelling any invasion by the Russians which, as related in earlier chapters, was considered to be imminent throughout the latter half of the 19th century. To ward off the ?red peril? two forts were built and ?another planned for the Grange area?, hence the name ?Fort Street? that still applies today in local nomenclature.

In September 1894 inhabitants of Grange and ?especially a few residents near that dismal swamp region of sand, swamp and teatree?, that comprise part of the modern day Grange Golf Club, were surprised by ?the sudden sounds of seeming strife that disturbed the serenity of those solitudes of Saturday night.? The rattle of rifle fire and the heavy boom of 68-pounders from Fort Glanville, coupled with men shouting, and the ?indications of a sharp struggle going on between two opposing forces contending for the possession of the ford and bridge across the Port River at Grange, made not a bad imitation of real conflict..., but the good folk of the seaboard are getting accustomed to such alarms, all ending in smoke and glory.?

The soldiers had a long march through miles of mud and stretches of water, sometimes knee deep, from their assembly point at Fort Glanville. The general idea was that the enemy had captured Grange and were preparing to march to Adelaide by way of the ford at Grange. Major Fiveash led his men along Military Road which was ?about as unmilitary as any foeman could wish to hamper the land forces?, for some miles until they reached the river. A short distance from the ford a halt was made and a reconnoitering party went out sometime later ?decorated up to the knees with elaborate samples of swamp mud.?

A fierce attack was made through the creeks and lagoons within ?The Pinery?, the only casualty being a private who 'scorched his eyes owing to his rifle going off by accident as he held the muzzle upwards.? Finally, the enemy was brought to heel in the vicinity of Hindmarsh, whence both the victors and the vanquished departed to their respective hearths where they lived to fight again another day.

General Notes

Defence works are reported upon in the Chronicle,
22 March 1879, page 8d.

The opening of Fort Glanville is reported in the Register,
4 October 1880, page 6c; also see
18 October 1880, page 6f,
29 August 1881, pages 5c-6c,
21 April 1884, page 6g,
Observer,
9 December 1882, page 30a; also see
22 November 1884, page 29e.

Sketches are in Frearson's Weekly,
28 August 1880, page 388,
4 September 1880, page 304,
Pictorial Australian in
May 1880,
October 1887, page 145.

"Big Gun Practice" is in the Observer,
22 April 1882, page 36e and
9 December 1882, page 30a.

An explosion at the fort is reported in the Register on
24 October 1887, page 6h,
military exercises concerned with Fort Glanville on
22 July 1884, page 7e,
8 September 1884, page 6e.
"Glanville Fort in Peril" appears on
14 February 1905, page 4d.

A mock night attack on the fort is reportedin the Registeron
15 May 1884, page 7e; also see
2 March 1885, page 6d,
17 and 18 November 1885, pages 5c,
15 January 1886, page 5c,
24 February 1886, page 5c.
Observer,
27 November 1886, page 29d,
29 October 1887, page 33a.

A "sham fight" at Fort Glanville is reported in the Express,
2 March 1885, page 2g.

"Big Gun Practice" is in the Register,
17 April 1882, page 5f,
Observer,
22 April 1882, page 36e,
9 December 1882, page 30a; also see
Register,
12 February 1883, page 6g,
10 September 1883, page 5b.

Sketches are in Frearson's Weekly,
28 August 1880, page 388,
4 September 1880, page 304,
Pictorial Australian in
May 1880,
October 1887, page 145.

Historical information is in the Register,
3 October 1924, page 14g.

Glanville - The Truant School

The establishment of a "Truant School" is reported in the Register,
4 December 1888, page 5c; also see
17 April 1889, page 6d,
18 October 1889, page 5d,
Advertiser,
26 June 1890, page 4g.

Also see Register,
28 June 1890, page 5h,
17 October 1890, page 4g,
Advertiser,
27 December 1890, page 7c,
Register,
8 June 1891, page 6c,
12 December 1891, page 5c,
14 September 1892, page 5a.

On 10 December 1892, page 4h of the Register a report says that Mr Burton was contemplating giving up his "admirable work".

Also see Register,
21 and 23 December 1892, pages 1f (supp.) and 6h,
11, 12, 16 and 17 January 1893, pages 6h-7f, 5c-7f, 4h and 5d,
14 February 1893, page 7d,
8 March 1893, page 6d,
Express,
10 April 1894, page 2d,
Chronicle,
22 September 1894, page 9c.

A paper presented by Mr Burton entitled "Our Uncontrollables" is in the Register,
24 September 1892 (supp.), page 2a.

Biographical details of Mr Burton are in the Express,
4 March 1899, page 5g,
Register,
8 November 1909, page 5a.
His obituary appears on
6 July 1915, page 5d.

A History of the Truant School

The village of Glanville was created by John Hart in 1865 "on what had been a swamp at high water spring tides", the necessary reclamation being achieved by embankments. By 1873 "whole streets had arisen" and the sand and seaweed which once "owned the ground" had given way to houses and shops.

"Buck's Flat, where the races used to be held, [was] approached by a well-made embankment, forming a thoroughfare for [the villagers]." However, northwards and opposite North Parade the area "appears literally cursed by sand... At one time the thick scrub to a great extent prevented the drift but of late years the timber has been cut down and scrub destroyed to such an extent that the whole place resembles a sandy desert...".

One of the residents of Glanville in the 1880s was Mr F.R. Burton, Clerk of the Court at Port Adelaide, who had studied the subject of treating truant and uncontrollable children. He contended that a large number of those committed for serious offences would never have reached the gaol stage if a more judicious mode of treatment had been available at the commencement of their "career".

He was firmly of the opinion that instead of sending first offenders to the reformatory hulk, Fitzjames, where they would mix with those convicted of grave offences, the community would be best served if they were confined to a truant school where they "could be diligently employed".

Accordingly, in 1887 he drafted and submitted a scheme to Government in which he intimated that he would conduct the scheme at his own expense (once operating the school cost Mr Burton 200 pounds per annum). Not surprisingly, those in power readily agreed to the proposal and the "Home" was duly established near the Port River "where the boys bathe daily". Apart from the dwelling house there were two cottages, one used as a school and the other as sleeping quarters; a vegetable garden was also maintained by the inmates.

In 1889, a reporter eulogised the establishment:

Sub-Inspector Doyle, of the Police Department, says that wonderful changes have been effected and several boys, previously uncontrollable and truant, and fast developing into the larrikin type, were now well behaved... Mr Burton is reclaiming boys who otherwise were on "the high road to ruin".

In June 1890 another reporter visited the institution and was full of praise with what he saw; he concluded that juvenile delinquency was "a serious question for young Australia - one that needs to be tackled and not shirked."

In the year of our Lord 1991 we might be excused for uttering the present-day colloquialism - "What's New" - when it is realised what the aftermath of the abuse of drugs and lack of employment has inflicted upon our "enlightened" society.

It is apparent that Mr Burton encountered some government interference for in June 1891 it was reported :

When a man feels that he has a work to do for which he seeks neither money or renown, and proves that he can perform it, it is a scandal to civilisation that he should be hampered in carrying out his work... -240

However, by December 1891 the troubles were behind him when it was reported that:

The inmates are not confined as prisoners, but they learn to take an interest in their new home and after a few months most of them are prepared to return to their parents with the resolve to avoid evil ways. During the time Mr Burton has been engaged in the work 68 boys have passed under his care... An extra allotment of land, 150 feet by 50 feet, has been acquired and laid out as a vegetable garden, providing employment for the young inmates.

Early in 1893 further storm clouds gathered when the State Children's Council proclaimed that it considered Mr Burton's work was "an unnecessary expenditure of time and labour on his part" and that it preferred "the establishment of a probationary institution for the treatment of uncontrollable boys...". This unperceptive and unwarranted proclamation was too much for Mr Burton's sensitive nature and, early in February 1893, aggrieved at such bureaucratic treatment he closed the establishment, to which a number of "old boys" expressed their disappointment that such a "step had been necessary".

Sources
Register, 6 January 1872, page 5c, 3 April 1873, page 6e, 4 December 1888, page 5c, 17 April 1889, page 6d, 18 October 1889, page 5d, 28 June 1890, page 5h, 17 October 1890, page 4g, 8 June 1891, page 6c, 12 December 1891, page 5c, 11, 12, 16 and 17 January 1893, pages 6h-7f, 5c-7f, 4h and 5d, 14 February 1893, page 7d, 8 March 1893, page 6d.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
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Place Names

Gleeville

Nomenclature

The name of a property owned by E.B. Gleeson (see above) near Beaumont. The name has never been applied to a subdivision. It is shown on the original plan of the 'Village of Beaumont'.

General Notes

An "outrage" by Aborigines is reported in the Register, 22 May 1841, page 3d:

A Coolie of Mr. Gleeson's was speared on Tuesday morning by a Native at Gleeville. The Coolie was engaged cutting wood near the dwelling house when two Natives asked him for food or money. He said he had none when one of them thrust a spear into his neck, close under the root of the tongue. The Coolie managed to crawl to an out house where he was discovered and the alarm given.... The Natives are allowed to retain their spears in town and to have as many dogs as they please... We think that the Protector might employ his time more usefully by looking after the Natives out of doors, than by helping the German missionaries to teach them their own or the English alphabet...

A photograph of the residence built by Mr Gleeson is in the Observer,
7 March 1903, page 23.

Gilbert Town - Gleeville
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