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Manning Index of South Australian History
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    Place Names of South Australia - P

    Peebinga - Penrice

    Peebinga

    Nomenclature

    The Aboriginal name of a local rockhole meaning 'place of pines'. It was formerly known as 'Butcher Soak', 'Butcher Rockhole' and 'Butcher Springs'.The name was probably corrupted from the Aboriginal pichinga - their name for Butcher's Soak

    General Notes

    Its school opened as "Butcher's Soak" in 1922; name changed in 1922 and closed in 1965.
    See Register, 31 July 1912, page 11e.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Peep Hill

    The district is described in the Register,
    11 January 1877, page 5h.

    A proposed school is discussed in the Chronicle,
    21 December 1878, page 9d.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Peesey

    Nomenclature

    Its origin is a mystery. It may be a corruption of pise, a clay used as a building material. There are two towns called 'Peasmarsh' in England and in Berkshire it derives from pesemershe - 'marsh where peas grew'. Of interest is the fact that one of the first men to harvest salt in the area was Septimus Pizey in 1874.

    General Notes

    A map attached to Parliamentary Paper 135/1875 shows "Peesey Trig" in the Hundred of Para Wurlie.

    A Peesey Range School is mentioned in the Advertiser,
    1 May 1877, page 6c.

    An alleged petroleum discovery by S.V. Pizey and "a grant of exclusive rights over 10,000 acres on southern Yorke's Peninsula at a pepper-corn rental" is reported in the Register,
    29 January 1889, page 4h; also see
    14 June 1890, page 6g.
    Mr Pizey's obituary appears on
    15 December 1893, page 6g.

    Also see South Australia - Mining - Petroleum.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Peetatapucha

    The Observer of 30 April 1887, page 43a describes it as an "eminence" near Mannahill and derived from an Aboriginal word meaning "the highest of the high".

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Pekina

    Nomenclature

    An Aboriginal word having reference to 'creek water'. Land in the area was first taken up under occupation licence by John and James Chambers in 1844; it was purchased by Price Maurice in 1846 and became one of the most profitable sheep runs in the Colony.

    Settling the Hundred of Pekina

    (Taken from Geoffrey H. Manning's A Colonial Experience)

    The Hundred of Pekina was proclaimed on 20 July 1871 and surveyed by James Elder and A.L. Mackay in 1872; in 1875, further subdivisions were made by Thomas Evans, V. Hanson, David Lindsay and Stephen King, junior. Most of the land was taken up under credit agreement in 1873 at, generally, from £1 to £2 per acre.

    The size of the sections varied from 73 to 614 acres; the 1891 Council assessment records show that Timothy Daly had increased his land holding to 419 acres but by 1898 it had been sold to Mr C.J. Wilsdon who was 'equally unsuccessful'. Other members of the Daly family were more successful for John and Austin Daly each held 737 and 731 acres and by the mid-twentieth century three of their descendants had 1772, 2904 and 2876 acres respectively. My eldest son was engaged by an early settler near Pekina and took part in the initial development of the land and he passed on reminiscences to me.

    On entering their virgin land the farmer erected a tent consisting of a tarpaulin hung over a ridge beam fastened down on each side with the butt of a tree, bags of chaff and house chests or whatever else was at hand. Those who could use tools to advantage soon erected a log hut with a fireplace and chimney, thus obviating the greatest curse of the colonial housewife - cooking on an outdoor open fire. This building was roofed with either iron or long reedy grass growing on the banks of the Pekina Creek - the iron was to be preferred on the account of safety from fire and the rain water which could be caught from it.

    The mode of construction was described as follows:

    Other types of dwellings were to be seen in the early days of Pekina in the form of 'iron tents'; they were made by placing sheets of roofing iron upon the ground with the ends resting against one another and a ridge board to keep them fixed. The occupants, however, were apt to feel uneasy when a strong wind is blowing, because if it found an entrance into the enclosure the result might have been more apparent than agreeable. The clearing of the land was a relatively simple matter; the bullocks were yoked to a stout chain, the end of which had a strong hook which was placed around its stem as high from the ground 'as the strength of the tree [would] allow.' The bullocks then moved forward until the tree was uprooted. In dry weather a few of the larger roots would have to be disposed of by axing.

    The worst part of this operation then commenced - The tree lay on the ground with a mass of top soil attached to its roots and this had to be knocked out and filled into the hole from whence it came. Then followed the disposal of the tree itself. Sometimes a large number of these were used in forming a fence; otherwise they were burnt. When all this has been done and the land appeared clear among the adjoining trees and ready for the plough, the colonist who has accomplished this could be permitted to feel some honest exultation.

    It was recommended to all farmers that a piece of land of up to 20 acres be reserved near the dwelling where dairy stock could be pastured. Of this a few acres near the stables were fenced off and ploughed, manured and sown with lucerne or prairie grass. Thus, the manure from the stables was carted easily into the fenced paddock and spread. Under such a system, combined with a good water supply, a thrifty housewife and her daughters could by means of a few cows, pigs and poultry, defray the whole of the household expenses, thus leaving the farmer's capital free to be employed in the development of the land.

    Seed sowing was done by hand or by machine, which broadcast the seed instead of planting it in rows at the same depth as the modern-day machine does. The harrows had to be run over the ground twice to cover the seed and had to be done as soon as possible after sowing because flocks of cockatoos were ever present looking for a repast of any seed wheat left uncovered. The crop was gathered in by reaping machines and this operation took off the heads only and these were tipped into a heap and the grain separated with a winnowing machine; the wheat was bagged by hand into four-bushel bags and carted by bullock drays to either Port Germein or Port Pirie.

    The Hundred's initial harvest yielded 18 bushels per acre and by 1876 the countryside was dotted with comfortable dwelling houses and convenient outhouses and the proud boast of the district was that 'when wheat has been allowed to grow anywhere in the North, Pekina Hundred has generally stepped to the fore and borne away the palm...'

    On account of the numerous hills, creeks and deep ravines only two-thirds of the Hundred was brought under cultivation. The flats situated between the hills were composed of rich soils and while it was not a great timber producing country, pine, mallee and wattle trees were abundant. Some parts were well supplied with water from wells sunk to a depth of from 40 to 60 feet, while the Booleroo Spring, situated near the centre of the extension to the Hundred, was one of the finest supplies of water to be found anywhere in the north - it was both strong and pure, sending forth an excellent stream which ran a considerable distance before it lost itself below the surface. Because of the ample water supply many of the farmers varied their operations and combined tilling and grazing to great advantage.

    By 1882 the Hundred was regarded as a very choice one for agricultural purposes and from known statistics it was undeniably one of the most prolific wheat producing areas of the North and, apart from the season of 1881, the local farming results had been systematically and almost uniformly excellent.

    Pekina wheat was always in demand and millers and agents were always anxious to get hold of it, so unusually and exceptionally marketable was the sample. Many a snug and sequestered holding, composed of excellent arable land, found in the narrow area between different ranges of hills, may have been viewed with admiration, and for many persons to look upon those charming homesteads was but to covet them.

    A roving reporter toured the northern wheat lands in 1888 and has left us with a graphic description of the country: 'From the heights of Tarcowie we were more than gratified with the promise of the wheat. From this prominence - about 2,300 feet - to the east and the south as far as the eye could reach were to be seen fine stretches of wheat and fallow. Our destination at night was Orroroo, so we had no time to lose, and decided to leave the village of Tarcowie underneath us.

    'To do this we drove along the breast of the range and over the shoulder of the hill to the east of the White Cliffs into the splendid Pekina Valley, which in parts for luxuriance of soil is not excelled by our Mount Lofty gullies. Little wonder indeed that the yield is generally good in such country, and forsooth the tillage bestowed upon the farms in most cases is worthy of the bountiful yield sent as a reward for industry. 'The crops in this prolific valley should return an average of 12 to 15 bushels and hay equal to one to two tons per acre. I do not suppose that at my time of life I shall venture upon hardship and vicissitudes of a farmer's life, but if ever I do may it be in a country of dales and meadows similar to that met with in the ranges of the once abused Hundred of Pekina. There are surely no mortgagees dissatisfied with their securities under the brow of these tree-capped hills.

    'When we reached Pekina township symptoms of drowsiness had left us, and our guide related to us all he knew of the prominent land marks en route, and often corrected us as to locality and true names of mountains... The cold at this place of call was suggestive of any and everything the reverse of blue ribbon and 15 minutes were well spent at the wayside house in restoring normal circulation.

    'The run down from here to Orroroo was accomplished by dusk and, by the way, the prestige of the deep green color was fully preserved... Turning the corner of the hill as we took farewell of the Pekina heights the new moon was discovered. Old Sol had just dipped behind the ranges, and a couplet came to mind:

    On a whimsical note a local farmer, with a grand sense of humour, put forward his views on the vagaries of farming:

    Indeed, at the height of the 1893 plague a correspondent from the North described it in the following humorous vein:

    Our reminiscing farmer continued with some sage words on the ever-present farm machinery salesmen:

    By the close of the 19th century the vagaries of climate and rainfall were more than self-evident to the farmers of Pekina and surrounding Hundreds and, in February 1901, a rural commentator in the Orroroo district spoke in respect of the 1900 harvest and the capabilities of the area, generally:

    These sentiments were in accord with the 20th century reminiscences of a colonist who had been intimately associated with the district from the days of the pastoralists and his words are, perhaps, a fitting close to this chapter:

    Miscellany

    An account of an attack on the overseer of Pekina run, Mr Swan, by Aborigines is reported in the South Australian,
    2 February 1852, page 3d.
    The resumption of the Pekina Run is discussed in the Register,
    26 June 1876, page 7c.
    Also see South Australia - Northern Lands Development and Allied Matters - Comments on Goyder's Line.

    The poisoning of shepherds' dogs is reported in the Observer,
    30 July 1870, page 7e.

    A graphic description of a mail coach trip to Aberdeen (Burra) is in the Register,
    18 October 1870, page 6d.
    See under Place Names - Aberdeen.

    The district is described in the Register,
    14 October 1872, page 6a and
    the town on
    25 September 1876, page 1e; also see
    30 March 1882, page 6b,
    Chronicle,
    22 October 1887, page 22e,
    23 July 1904, page 33b.
    Sketches of the district are in the Pictorial Australian in
    February 1887.

    The laying of the foundation stone of the Catholic Church is reported in the Chronicle,
    16 October 1875, page 17d.

    Sports days are reported in the Chronicle,
    15 January 1876, page 22d,
    6 May 1876, page 22e,
    Observer,
    26 March 1904, page 4d (supp.).

    A cricket match against Kanyaka is reported in the Observer,
    3 June 1876, page 18f and
    versus Walloway in the Chronicle,
    11 March 1905, page 27.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Cricket - Miscellany.

    Information on a cemetery at the head station is in the Observer,
    7 October 1876, page 4d.

    A kangaroo hunt is described in the Register,
    14 October 1876, page 5e.
    Also see South Australia - Flora and Fauna - Marsupials and Mammals.

    A horse race meeting is reported in the Observer,
    1 June 1878, page 5d,
    Express,
    27 June 1883, page 3c,
    14 August 1884, page 4a,
    Chronicle,
    28 April 1888, page 15f,
    24 August 1889, page 21d.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

    Information on the Adventure Mining Company "about two miles east" of the town is in the Express,
    17 September 1878, page 2d.
    Also see South Australia - Mining - Miscellany.

    A meeting at the Pekina Hotel to consider local postal arrangements is reported in the Chronicle,
    2 August 1879, page 22f.
    Also see South Australia - Communication - Mail and Postal.

    The Hundred of Pekina School opened in 1890 and became "Bully Acre" in 1932;
    the Pekina Extension School opened in 1884 and became "Wepowie" in 1889.

    A local Show is reported in the Chronicle,
    20 September 1879, page 10f,
    Register,
    11 October 1882 (supp.), page 3d; also see
    25 October 1883, page 7c.
    Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows .

    A "railway meeting" is reported in the Chronicle,
    11 June 1881, page 12a.
    Also see South Australia - Transport - Railways - Miscellany.

    Farming experiences are recounted in the Register,
    30 March 1882, page 6b,
    Observer,
    1 April 1882, page 10a.
    Also see South Australia Northern Lands Development and Allied Matters and Geoffrey H Manning's A Colonial Experience, Chapter 106 (Vol.III).

    A meeting called to discuss the objects of the Irish National Land League is reported in the Chronicle,
    19 August 1882, page 7b; also see
    2 September 1882, page 6g,
    10 and 17 February 1883, pages 5b and 5d,
    14 April 1883, page 4d.
    Also see South Australia - Immigration - Migrants - Irish.

    "Banquet to Mr P. Dooley" is in the Chronicle,
    31 October 1885, page 5e.

    Information on its water supply is in the Observer,
    8 December 1888, page 29a.
    "Water Storage at Pekina" is in the Observer,
    15 November 1902, page 43a.
    Also see South Australia - Water Conservation.

    The formation of a branch of the Liberal Union is reported in the Chronicle,
    13 March 1897, page 11a.
    Also see South Australia - Politics - Liberalism and Conservatism.

    Information and photographs regarding the "Pekina Creek Scheme" are to be found in the Chronicle,
    26 June 1886, page 19c,
    Observer,
    13 March 1909, page 17d,
    12 and 19 February 1910, pages 31 and 29,
    Chronicle,
    29 January 1910, page 32,
    19 February 1919, pages 30-31.

    Also see Chronicle,
    2 and 23 October 1897, pages 16d and 12e,
    4 December 1897, page 17d-18a,
    Register,
    24 January 1898, page 4h,
    Chronicle,
    8 November 1902, page 34a,
    27 December 1902, page 15a,
    10 January 1903, page 34c-e,
    Register,
    16 December 1902, page 6d,
    27 April 1903, page 6d,
    12 February 1906, page 6e,
    29 April 1908, page 7g,
    5 and 21 May 1908, pages 4e and 6g,
    6 March 1909, page 6c.

    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Irrigation.

    Also see Observer,
    2 and 9 May 1908, pages 41d and 38d,
    12 February 1910, page 31 (sketch),
    Chronicle,
    2 May 1908, page 44a,
    11 July 1908, page 43b,
    8 August 1908, pages 13b-44a,
    Observer,
    31 October 1908, page 56c,
    13 March 1909, page 17d,
    12 and 26 June 1909, pages 18a and 39d,
    17 July 1909, page 13e,
    2 October 1909, page 15a,
    4 March 1911, page 11c.

    Register,
    3 June 1909, page 7c,
    24 June 1909, page 5b,
    16 November 1909, page 6g,
    8 and 11 February 1910, pages 5f and 6e,
    23 June 1910, page 9f,
    21 February 1911, page 10c,
    4 November 1913, page 10b,
    Observer,
    12 June 1915, page 11a,
    19 September 1925, page 45c.

    Price Maurice's obituary is in the Register,
    15 May 1894, page 5g; also see
    25 and 30 April 1895, pages 4e-5a and 7g and
    8 April 1896, page 4h for controversy over the valuation of his real estate, etc.

    A "disastrous" hailstorm is reported in the Observer,
    17 October 1903, page 4b (supp.).

    Information on the football team is in the Chronicle,
    16 July 1904, page 15a and
    a wild dog menace on
    29 April 1905, page 13c.
    Also see South Australia - Flora and Fauna - Dogs.

    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs T.Gale is reported in the Register,
    28 April 1914, page 8a.

    An obituary of Mrs Patrick Redden is in the Register,
    9 August 1922, page 6g.

    The opening of a new institute is reported in the Register,
    20 November 1906, page 3e.

    A photograph of a monument in Pekina Creek in memory of Rev James Maher is in the Observer,
    18 April 1908, page 27.

    The presence of "crayfish" in the creek is discussed in the Observer,
    12 February 1910, page 17d.

    A reproduction of a water colour of the "Old Pekina Eating House" during the coaching days is in The Mail,
    10 January 1914, page 9c.

    For information on ploughing matches see Place Names - Tarcowie and Chronicle,
    17 August 1878, page 11b.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Ploughing Matches.

    Pekina - Obituaries

    An obituary of the Right Reverend Dr Maher is in the Observer,
    23 December 1905, page 38b,
    of Reverend Father Redden on 4 June 1901, page 40a,
    of Michael Clancy on 3 February 1917, page 13c,
    of Mrs Patrick Redden on 12 August 1922, page 20d,
    of Mrs Michael Duffy on 3 May 1924, page 38e.

    An obituary of Richard Hanna is in the Register,
    16 September 1911, page 15c,
    of John Baldwin on 10 April 1919, page 6h,
    of Mrs Duffy and Mrs Lee on 28 April 1924, page 8g.

    An obituary of the Right Reverend Dr Maher is in the Observer,
    23 December 1905, page 38b,
    of Reverend Father Redden on 4 June 1901, page 40a,
    of Michael Clancy on 3 February 1917, page 13c,
    of Mrs Patrick Redden on 12 August 1922, page 20d,
    of Mrs Michael Duffy on 3 May 1924, page 38e.

    An obituary of Richard Hanna is in the Register,
    16 September 1911, page 15c,
    of John Baldwin on 10 April 1919, page 6h,
    of Mrs Duffy and Mrs Lee on 28 April 1924, page 8g.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Pellaring Flat

    It is described in the Observer,
    14 November 1885, page 31c,
    Register,
    14 January 1886, page 6h.

    "Irrigation Near Mannum" is in the Chronicle,
    16 March 1889, page 9e.
    The establishment of an irrigation scheme is reported in the Register,
    11 February 1890, page 5c.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Irrigation.

    See Register,25 January 1892, page 5h for information on a proposed forest reserve.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Forestry.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Pelorus Rock

    Nomenclature

    Three islets off Kangaroo Island named by Captain Harding of HMS Pelorus in May 1838. A 'pelorus' is a sighting device attached to a ship's compass.

    General Notes

    "The You Yang's Wreck" is in the Chronicle,
    21 June 1890, page 13c.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penang

    "The want of a Post Office at this place is very badly felt as we are about nine miles from the Moonta Mines Post Office..."; see Chronicle, 18 August 1878, page 21d.

    Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Temperance and Allied Matters - Teetotalism and Prohibition.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penberthy, Port

    Nomenclature

    The name probably honours John Penberthy (c.1826-1884), a miner and mine manager who, for a time, lived at Port Vincent.

    General Notes

    The Register of
    18 April 1882 at page 5b puts this place as "one mile and a half north of Port Vincent", being named after "the holder of the land in that immediate vicinity"; also see
    25 and 27 April 1882, pages 1c (supp.) and 6f,
    Observer,
    29 April 1882, page 12e.

    The name probably honours John Penberthy (c.1826-1884), a miner and mine manager who, for a time, lived at Port Vincent.
    See GR vol III, page 1263.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Pendleton, Hundred of

    Nomenclature

    A.G. Pendleton, Commissioner of Railways.

    General Notes

    Also see South Australia - Transport - Railways - Miscellany.

    The Observer of
    1 February 1902, page 33d has biographical details on Mr Pendleton;
    details of his service to SA Railways appear on
    19 June 1909, page 34a; also see
    Register,
    12 June 1909, page 9b.

    Also see Register,
    9 May 1895, page 6b,
    20 January 1902, page 5c,
    Weekly Herald,
    4 March 1899, page 1,
    11 April 1903, page 6b,
    Chronicle,
    1 May 1909, page 31 (photo),
    Observer,
    21 August 1909, page 31,
    Register,
    17 May 1916, page 4f,
    20 November 1916, page 4h (obituary).

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penfield

    Nomenclature

    William Friend Penfold (1806-1884) acquired section 4057, Hundred of Munno Para in December 1850. In 1853 he opened the 'Plough and Harrow' Hotel and on 1 February 1856 subdivided his section into a town he called 'Penfield'. The name 'Peachy Belt' was generally applied to the area until 1858.

    General Notes

    A horse race meeting is reported in the Chronicle,
    15 January 1859, page 7a.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

    "Two [Penfold] Children Poisoned" is in the Register,
    3 March 1864, page 3e.

    The death of Mr Charles Penfold is reported in the Observer,
    26 March 1870, page 7g.

    Its school opened in 1874 and closed in 1940; see
    Chronicle,
    25 August 1877, page 4f,
    Register,
    5 September 1877, page 3f,
    16 August 1879, page 5a,
    12 March 1880, page 5e,
    Observer,
    13 July 1881, page 29c.
    An Arbor Day is reported in the Chronicle,
    21 August 1897, page 26c.
    Also see South Australia - Education - Arbor Days.

    "The Sanitary Condition of Penfield" is in the Advertiser,
    9 December 1884, page 7a.

    A sports meeting on Mr P. Hewitt's grounds is reported in the Express,
    17 February 1884, page 4c.

    The town is described in the Register,
    23 January 1904, page 6a.

    An obituary of Mrs Elizabeth Crotty is in the Observer,
    29 May 1915, page 45a,
    of Mrs Sarah J. Smitham on 1 September 1923, page 39b.

    An obituary of Johnson Jeffries is in the Register,
    29 May 1920, page 7b.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penguin Island

    It is described in the Register,
    14 February 1876, page 6b.

    A report on the lighthouse is in the Register,
    10 December 1902, page 9a.
    Also see South Australia - Maritime Affairs - Lighthouses and Lightships.

    An article entitled "The Vanishing Island" is in the Register,
    26 July 1907, page 5e;
    a photograph is in the Chronicle,
    21 December 1907, page
    11, 22 April 1911, page 29.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penneshaw

    Nomenclature

    The town 29 km east of Kingscote on Kangaroo Island was surveyed in 1881 by H.L. Beddome and proclaimed on 12 January 1882; named by Governor Jervois it is a combination of Pennefather, his private secretary and Miss Flora Shaw, later Lady Ludgard, wife of the Governor of Hong Kong.

    General Notes

    Its school opened as "Hog Bay" in 1869; name changed in 1924.

    A correspondent to the Register on
    10 January 1883, page 6c says: "The gentleman after whom Penneshaw is named has also generously given the site for a church there". He was no doubt referring to Alfred Shaw a physician at Cygnet River - see
    30 June 1883 (supp.), page 2f. This explanation must be dismissed as hearsay because an examination of the Grants Book in respect of town allotments revealed no evidence to support the claim.

    Information on a proposed jetty is in the Observer,
    17 February 1883, page 30b.

    Unsold allotments are advertised for sale in the Register,
    22 May 1883, page 8b.
    The town and district are described in the Chronicle,
    26 April 1884, page 5g,
    Register,
    18 February 1905, page 8h,
    5 February 1910, page 14g,
    30 November 1910, page 8f.

    The opening of a church is reported in the Register,
    22 April 1885, page 5a.

    Information on Mr F.W. Pennefather is in the Observer,
    21 November 1896, page 16a;
    his obituary is in the Observer,
    19 March 1921, page 31d.

    Information on a literary society is in the Register,
    17 August 1927, page 14f.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Pennington Bay

    Nomenclature

    On Kangaroo Island 10 km south of American River. It was named by Captain Bloomfield Douglas in December 1857 after Joseph Pennington who was lost in the scrub in the vicinity of Prospect Hill. (Mount Thisby).

    General Notes

    A report on the finding of Mr Pennington's bones and comment in respect of subsequent doubts on their authenticity is in the Register,
    6, 9 and 21 July 1900, pages 4f, 6h and 10g,
    6 August 1900, page 6i.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Pennington

    Nomenclature

    Captain Alfred Hodgeman subdivided part section 421, Hundred of Yatala in 1909 and named it after his wife, the former Helen Pennington.

    General Notes

    Its school opened in 1917; see
    The Mail,
    31 March 1917, page 4d and
    Advertiser,
    20 March 1929, page 9f.
    Information on its Mother's Club is in The News,
    13 June 1929, page 9c.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penny, Mount

    Nomenclature

    On section 33, Hundred of Richards. Probably Dr R.B. Penny.

    General Notes

    "Famous Pioneer Doctor - Robert B. Penny" is in the Advertiser,
    5 January 1935, page 11g; also see
    Chronicle,
    2 January 1936, page 43.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penola

    Nomenclature

    It is derived either from penaoorla - 'big swamp' or penaurla - 'stringy bark forest'; (pena - trees and aurla - stringy bark). Other sources suggest it is linked to the Aboriginal pano - 'earthy', hence 'earthy place'.

    General Notes

    The Lower South-East is described in the Register,
    4 February 1853, page 2c.
    The town is described on
    30 May 1866, page 2g,
    while a response from Father J.E. Tenison Woods to the reporter's comments is printed on 19 June 1866, page 3c.

    A comprehensive description of the town is in the Chronicle,
    9 June 1866, page 3b,

    Also see Chronicle,31 October 1868, page 12a,
    Advertiser,
    15 February 1869, page 2e.
    The town and district are described in the Chronicle,
    8 February 1879, page 5c,
    Register,
    24 August 1880, page 5g,
    25 and 30 January 1883, pages 1b (supp.) and 1a (supp.): Also see Express,
    15 February 1869, page 3a,
    Register,
    11 and 12 June 1869, pages 2f and 2h for descriptions of the town and district during the Governor's visit and
    11 February 1886, page 6f,
    Observer,
    3 February 1883, page 10d.

    Also see Register,
    27 January 1885, page 5g,
    29 April 1895, page 5h,
    Express,
    9 June 1886, page 4c,
    Chronicle,
    17 October 1903, page 34b.

    A steam saw mill is described in the Register,
    30 July 1868, page 2b.
    Information on the steam sawmill is in the Register,
    29 October 1869, page 2d.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Farming - Mills.

    A ploughing match and show are reported upon in the Observer,
    26 September 1868, page 16g,
    Chronicle,
    4 September 1869, page 4e.
    A Show is reported in the Chronicle,
    20 August 1864, page 3b,
    1 September 1866, page 3g (supp.),
    10 September 1881, page 22a,
    28 September 1889, page 23d,
    Register,
    31 August 1882, page 6c.
    The opening of a new Showground is reported in the Register,
    17 October 1914, page 13e.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Ploughing Matches.
    Photographs are in the Chronicle
    26 October 1907, page 31.
    28 October 1911, page 32.
    Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows .

    The laying of the foundation stone of the Institute is reported in the Observer,
    20 February 1869, page 7f.
    Register, 18 February 1869, page 2h.

    A sports day is reported in the Observer,
    3 April 1869, page 5e.

    An outbreak of typhoid fever is reported in the Observer,
    13 February 1886, page 35d.
    Also see South Australia - Health - Fevers - Typhoid.

    Early history of the district appears on
    5 June 1890, page 3f; also see
    Parliamentary Paper 66/1886,
    Register,
    2 February 1910, page 6h,
    2 December 1925, page 15d.

    A horse race meeting is reported in the Observer,
    23 February 1856, page 3c,
    Chronicle,
    12 February 1859, page 8a,
    Observer,
    2 February 1861, page 3c,
    Express,
    20 April 1871, page 3a.
    Reminiscences are in the Observer
    14 November 1896, page 27e.
    "Old Time Racing at Penola" is in the Observer,
    23 February 1907, page 21e.
    "Penola Racing - Recollections of the Past" is in the Register,
    11, 18 and 25 January 1924, pages 3d, 3d and 3c.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

    A cricket match versus Mosquito Plains is reported in the Observer,
    7 July 1860, page 8c,
    Register,
    23 April 1862, page 3e.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Cricket - Miscellany.

    The opening of the telegraph from Adelaide is reported in the Register,
    14 August 1860, page 2d.
    Also see South Australia - Communications - Telegraphic.

    A coursing event is reported in the Observer,
    25 August 1860, page 3c - "Five deaths [of Paddy Melon kangaroos] were the result of some beautiful coursing..."
    31 October 1903, page 3a (supp.),
    "The Rivoli Bay Jetty" in the Observer,
    20 April 1878, page 11f.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Coursing.

    Examinations at the school are reported in the Chronicle,
    29 June 1861, page 7g and
    at St Joseph's School in the Observer,
    29 June 1867, page 2g.
    The Penola Fruit Colony School opened in 1895 and became "Coonawarra" in 1897.
    The Penola Forest School opened in 1931 and closed in 1945.

    A meeting of pastoral leaseholders is reported in the Observer,
    19 November 1864, page 3d.

    The departure of Mr A. Cameron, "the founder of Penola", is reported in the Chronicle,
    30 January 1864, page 3b.

    An interesting letter about local Aborigines is in the Register,
    25 August 1866.
    A plaintive report regarding their plight is in the Observer,
    27 July 1878, page 23d:

    The Penola Brewery is described in the Register,
    9 July 1868, page 3a and
    Also see under South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Brewing .

    The brickworks is referred to in the Register on
    30 July 1868, page 3b.
    Highland games are reported upon in the Register,
    1 April 1869, page 2g.

    A report on the laying of the foundation stone of the Institute is in the Register,
    18 February 1869, page 2h.

    "Death from Snakebite" is in the Observer,
    30 March 1872, page 7g.
    Also see South Australia - Flora and Fauna - Mice, Snakes and Rats.

    The Aborigines are discussed in the Observer,
    27 July 1878, page 23d.
    Also see South Australia - Aboriginal Australians.

    Information on the forest reserve is in the Observer,
    15 February 1879, page 10b.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Forestry.

    Information on the football team is in the Observer,
    18 October 1879, page 10d.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Football.

    Information on the railway to Mount Gambier is in the Register,
    19, 20 and 25 May 1879, pages 6b, 6a and 6f.
    For an essay on SE railways see under South Australia - Transport - Railways - Miscellany.

    Sly grogging at the Temperance Hotel is reported in the Register,
    20 December 1880, page 6f.

    A Show is reported in the Register,
    31 August 1882, page 6c.
    The opening of a new Showground is reported on
    17 October 1914, page 13e.
    Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows .

    A proposal to establish the Penola fruit growing colony is in the Register,
    21 and 28 May 1890, pages 5a and 5b; also see
    21 July 1890, page 7g,
    Advertiser,
    5 August 1890, page 6c,
    Register,
    29 December 1890, page 6a,
    21 December 1892 (supp.), page 1g,
    4 January 1893, page 5h,
    Advertiser,
    16 January 1893, page 7d,
    Register,
    29 and 30 April 1895, pages 5h and 6c,
    13 January 1899, page 6e,
    Advertiser,
    31 May 1898, page 5h,
    21 and 23 June 1898, pages 6f and 7a.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Fruit and Vegetables.

    Its cheese and butter factory is described in the Advertiser,
    16 January 1893, page 7b.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Dairying.

    "A Visit to Penola" is in the Advertiser,
    1 May 1895, page 6d,
    "Penola and its People" on
    25 October 1911, page 13a.

    "Justice at Penola" is in the Register,
    20 August 1895, page 5c.
    Also see South Australia - Crime, Law and Punishment.

    Bicycle sports are reported in the Observer,
    4 January 1896, page 11b.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Cycling.

    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs John McDonald is reported in the Register,
    15 August 1900, page 3c.

    "Yallum Jacky - The Last of the Penola Tribe" is in the Observer,
    13 September 1902, page 23e.

    "A Domestic Servant's Tragedy" is in the Register,
    6 and 17 October 1904, pages 3d and 3c.

    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs T. Marks is in the Register,
    29 August 1905, page 3b.
    Their diamond wedding on 28 August 1915, page 8g.

    A jubilee of the Presbyterian Church is reported upon in the Register,
    2 November 1906, page 6h.

    A photograph of local flooding is in the Observer,
    28 August 1909, page 31,
    the railway station in the Chronicle,
    5 February 1910, page 30,
    of tobacco culture on
    21 April 1932, page 34,
    of members of the district council on
    21 June 1934, page 34; also see
    Observer,
    29 August 1903, page 26.

    Information on the Seventh Day Adventists Church is in the Register,
    23 November 1909, page 6g.

    A golf match against Mt Gambier is reported in the Observer,
    30 July 1910, page 22b.
    Information on the Cluny Lodge Golf Links is in theObserver,
    22 June 1912, page 26b.
    Register,
    15 June 1912, page 13f.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Golf.

    The diamond wedding of Mr & Mrs John McDonald is reported in the Register,
    5 August 1910, page 4g.

    The reminiscences of Rev F. Slaney Poole are in the Observer,
    19 December 1925, page 17a.

    Penola - Obituaries

    An obituary of Christopher Sharam is in the Register, 5 June 1890.

    An obituary of Mrs Mary A. Ricketts is in the Observer, 28 August 1894, page 5b,
    of Mrs Ann Cameron on 9 January 1904, page 34d,
    of John Reilly, hotelier, on 6 February 1904, page 34b,
    of William MacPherson on 23 November 1907, page 26d,
    of John McDonald on 27 January 1912, page 41a,
    of W.M. Redfearn, BSc (London), on 9 August 1913, page 41a.
    An obituary of Mrs Ann Cameron is in the Register, 7 January 1904, page 9d,
    of Mrs Helen Liddle on 20 January 1906, page 6i,
    of Thomas Marks on 18 October 1916, page 6g,
    of William Neilson on 13 December 1916, page 6i,
    of E.J. Condon on 21 December 1916, page 4h.

    An obituary of Mrs Ellen Sharam is in the Register, 6 July 1910, page 6h,
    of John McDonald on 22 January 1912, page 6h.

    An obituary of James Reid is in the Observer, 31 July 1915, page 44a,
    of L.W.Peake on 14 August 1915, page 46b,
    of William Hurn on 23 December 1916, page 21a,
    of Donald Mckay on 11 November 1922, page 35a,
    of Henry Ricketts on 1 December 1923, page 39b,
    of John Davidson on 23 August 1924, page 38d,
    of Mrs Elizabeth Plunkett on 26 September 1925, page 48b.

    An obituary of Mrs Ellen Wennerbom is in the Register, 18 January 1921, page 8e,
    of Benjamin Flint on 10 August 1921, page 9b,
    of Thomas E.V. Artaud on 13 July 1927, page 12b,
    of Mrs Agnes Riddoch on 23 May 1928, page 12f,
    of Mrs Annie G. Peake on 7 July 1928, page 14f.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penong

    Nomenclature

    The town 72 km north-west of Ceduna, proclaimed on 28 April 1892, is a corruption of the Aboriginal poomong - 'tea tree'.

    General Notes

    Its school opened in 1893. A photograph is in the Chronicle,
    30 March 1933, page 32.

    A Show is reported in the Chronicle,
    29 October 1904, page 14b,
    Advertiser,
    12 October 1909, page 8f and
    a floral exhibition on
    23 September 1905, page 14a.
    Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows .

    An obituary of A.B.C. Murray is in the Observer,
    14 March 1908, page 40a.

    A Model Farm [Stan Freeman's]" is in the Register,
    9 March 1909, page 9f.

    The district is described in the Register,
    2 February 1911, page 8e and
    the town and district on
    11 May 1926, page 8e.

    Photographs of floods are in the Chronicle,
    8 March 1913, page 31,
    of the police station on
    26 December 1914, page 28,
    vof a wheat delivery by Mr Frank Richardson on
    1 December 1932, page 34,
    of Mr Eric Walters and a fox "kill" on
    1 November 1934, page 38.

    Gypsum harvesting is described in the Advertiser,
    12 October 1926, page 10b.
    Photographs of the town and of salt harvesting are in the Observer,
    29 May 1926, page 31.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Miscellany.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P
    Place Names

    Penrice

    Nomenclature

    Two kilometres east of Angaston and named by Captain Richard Vounder Rodda after 'Penrice House' about 3 km from St Austell in Cornwall.

    General Notes

    The town and district are discussed in the Register of 2 August 1852, page 2e, including information on the export of flour to the Victorian diggings.

    A letter from Captain Rodda, setting out likely prospects for gold in South Australia, is in the Register,
    11 September 1854, page 3c.
    His obituary is in the Observer,
    14 July 1860, page 3d.

    The laying of the foundation stone of the Wesleyan Chapel is reported in the Register,
    26 June 1854, page 2h.

    A public dinner at Gawler in honour of Captain Rodda is described in the Register,
    27 September 1855, page 3b.

    Its school opened in 1862 and closed in 1865.

    Mr Herbert's kiln is described in the Register,
    30 July 1868, page 3b.

    A fire at the mill is reported in the Observer,
    11 July 1885, page 35e.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Farming - Mills.

    Peebinga - Penrice
    P